{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB","short_pith_number":"pith:5CVIMXEW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.04151","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2018-07-11T14:20:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"106158fd6b3cf4ce4865260b529a55bbd8403cef0fae431e5e31d8cfc85e5f0e","abstract_canon_sha256":"06e8e429d03f12485f6ef76ac5cadb4ffa5a39563c33209bfae29a4a8c763f34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8aa865c963a3d12bb69ccffd9066d0077ef446777a7267c4a05dae7842e0b1b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1807.04151","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.04151","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.04151v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.04151","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5CVIMXEWHI6R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5CVIMXEW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.04151","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2018-07-11T14:20:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"106158fd6b3cf4ce4865260b529a55bbd8403cef0fae431e5e31d8cfc85e5f0e","abstract_canon_sha256":"06e8e429d03f12485f6ef76ac5cadb4ffa5a39563c33209bfae29a4a8c763f34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8aa865c963a3d12bb69ccffd9066d0077ef446777a7267c4a05dae7842e0b1b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57.824777Z","signature_b64":"wpPqgAzO9ax7393Z6MQQ7MgDnwJx2MwS2pAtfmJudwJD/RZ/0vmg83W6I1SOBFJ60wbbZXCcGc6qyOmQBBi0Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e8aa865c963a3d12bb69ccffd9066d0077ef446777a7267c4a05dae7842e0b1b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57.824046Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57.824046Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1807.04151","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YBsCKPOGi0ocGpONtz0AnynfyCrNPn/cu7jaD0FmEMmNBX8x/6pzw8ZgGmww8sFqwjulNRNkCicLeS11i0C1Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:52:25.575536Z"},"content_sha256":"1a62875b5c4947f3db67c2b74ad7902717ee01fef92f4a7fe9c12d0944aba422","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1a62875b5c4947f3db67c2b74ad7902717ee01fef92f4a7fe9c12d0944aba422"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Co-KV: A Collaborative Key-Value Store Using Near-Data Processing to Improve Compaction for the LSM-tree","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.DC","authors_text":"Hui Sun, Jianzhong Huang, Wei Liu, Weisong Shi","submitted_at":"2018-07-11T14:20:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Log-structured merge tree (LSM-tree) based key-value stores are widely employed in large-scale storage systems. In the compaction of the key-value store, SSTables are merged with overlapping key ranges and sorted for data queries. This, however, incurs write amplification and thus degrades system performance, especially under update-intensive workloads. Current optimization focuses mostly on the reduction of the overload of compaction in the host, but rarely makes full use of computation in the device. To address these issues, we propose Co-KV, a Collaborative Key-Value store between the host "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.04151","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uPtPJO8KZ7L0wuTIbiIeBIE8RWU5LIO5AHcEWAresBVQYvRb+QYZCNqL+YBnD4lyWYOr1Bmb8EZIw1FrLfMWAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:52:25.576220Z"},"content_sha256":"7632e2478e440d71bd289268f4ce12b44c0c5466ce6cbbdae5d4bd494e47f234","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7632e2478e440d71bd289268f4ce12b44c0c5466ce6cbbdae5d4bd494e47f234"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T21:52:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3JZT75SBTNAB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"06e8e429d03f12485f6ef76ac5cadb4ffa5a39563c33209bfae29a4a8c763f34","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2018-07-11T14:20:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"106158fd6b3cf4ce4865260b529a55bbd8403cef0fae431e5e31d8cfc85e5f0e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.04151","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.04151","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.04151v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.04151","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5CVIMXEWHI6R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5CVIMXEWHI6RFO3J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5CVIMXEW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7632e2478e440d71bd289268f4ce12b44c0c5466ce6cbbdae5d4bd494e47f234","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Log-structured merge tree (LSM-tree) based key-value stores are widely employed in large-scale storage systems. In the compaction of the key-value store, SSTables are merged with overlapping key ranges and sorted for data queries. This, however, incurs write amplification and thus degrades system performance, especially under update-intensive workloads. Current optimization focuses mostly on the reduction of the overload of compaction in the host, but rarely makes full use of computation in the device. To address these issues, we propose Co-KV, a Collaborative Key-Value store between the host ","authors_text":"Hui Sun, Jianzhong Huang, Wei Liu, Weisong Shi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2018-07-11T14:20:15Z","title":"Co-KV: A Collaborative Key-Value Store Using Near-Data Processing to Improve Compaction for the LSM-tree"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.04151","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1a62875b5c4947f3db67c2b74ad7902717ee01fef92f4a7fe9c12d0944aba422","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"06e8e429d03f12485f6ef76ac5cadb4ffa5a39563c33209bfae29a4a8c763f34","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2018-07-11T14:20:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"106158fd6b3cf4ce4865260b529a55bbd8403cef0fae431e5e31d8cfc85e5f0e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.04151","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e8aa865c963a3d12bb69ccffd9066d0077ef446777a7267c4a05dae7842e0b1b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e8aa865c963a3d12bb69ccffd9066d0077ef446777a7267c4a05dae7842e0b1b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57.824046Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57.824046Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wpPqgAzO9ax7393Z6MQQ7MgDnwJx2MwS2pAtfmJudwJD/RZ/0vmg83W6I1SOBFJ60wbbZXCcGc6qyOmQBBi0Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:57.824777Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1807.04151","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1a62875b5c4947f3db67c2b74ad7902717ee01fef92f4a7fe9c12d0944aba422","sha256:7632e2478e440d71bd289268f4ce12b44c0c5466ce6cbbdae5d4bd494e47f234"],"state_sha256":"2a8299063bcfa23bc25ae1af6ff304d49b6e675e33d10a755dbab167d1f9c84f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UpBhFFzoZDmyuGbc1K9cOd/cfNLjAhLgw01IObvm9Q+WmvNMkm5FB5eJaoQkvF7yVHMVH+taUogG1WDeXHrgCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:52:25.580006Z","bundle_sha256":"874c3c45ff793b5b802d04f80fedebfdc5d015868783b847e10aba0b24d6ae8b"}}