{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP","short_pith_number":"pith:5CYY25WM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.2968","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2014-04-10T23:47:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"f6afb9493514357b7eb25d68e4dcd5365bd9658e266023c61e9d354781a11ce0","abstract_canon_sha256":"a1b9865b6abee90b61a5edc4f1a8be2618708f271f504b71a2d840a102304ef6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8b18d76ccf377aba2e637dcca479b53d6c3ac77a3798402ac00a7046356b651","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1404.2968","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.2968","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.2968v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.2968","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5CYY25WM6N32","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5CYY25WM6N32XIXG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5CYY25WM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.2968","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2014-04-10T23:47:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"f6afb9493514357b7eb25d68e4dcd5365bd9658e266023c61e9d354781a11ce0","abstract_canon_sha256":"a1b9865b6abee90b61a5edc4f1a8be2618708f271f504b71a2d840a102304ef6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8b18d76ccf377aba2e637dcca479b53d6c3ac77a3798402ac00a7046356b651","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35.501230Z","signature_b64":"MuyoIz4bS9s7nvt6jbE8bmPMOpG93VL3/cxAtFVyueTF9A8G6eiEQNfqQDophyKvRip+SVFiAd1Mjo0dr/UPBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e8b18d76ccf377aba2e637dcca479b53d6c3ac77a3798402ac00a7046356b651","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35.500733Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35.500733Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1404.2968","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nythxYZXF579W3XAe196n6/zNdvk4f/saxof/5A4kUIhWAHoRlhjRTuouvbDv+xCz2C8E0ZEZp1dYa6ADkomCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T03:46:04.959650Z"},"content_sha256":"1ea419eefb4e784ef422d9eebe5d2901e295156626f1f1f24e8f5fc5c442b3e5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1ea419eefb4e784ef422d9eebe5d2901e295156626f1f1f24e8f5fc5c442b3e5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Total 3D imaging of phase objects using defocusing microscopy: application to red blood cells","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","authors_text":"F. T. Amaral, L. Siman, O. N. Mesquita, P. M. S. Roma, U. Agero","submitted_at":"2014-04-10T23:47:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present Defocusing Microscopy (DM), a bright-field optical microscopy technique able to perform total 3D imaging of transparent objects. By total 3D imaging we mean the determination of the actual shapes of the upper and lower surfaces of a phase object. We propose a new methodology using DM and apply it to red blood cells subject to different osmolality conditions: hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions. For each situation the shape of the upper and lower cell surface-membranes (lipid bilayer/cytoskeleton) are completely recovered, displaying the deformation of RBCs surfaces due to a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.2968","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vm2UO3JOtT30684VHXXmQpTgW75s3ddaAJjjj8PhUKusivrSpPDdgKC+uCB07gyX3+vcGU/SdqfySf0rmqQuAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T03:46:04.960227Z"},"content_sha256":"983ec25b3cab1e70b66e768a0a9a4a5d0e38b238a84f9399d7641d7edb065fd8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:983ec25b3cab1e70b66e768a0a9a4a5d0e38b238a84f9399d7641d7edb065fd8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T03:46:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:5CYY25WM6N32XIXGG7OMUR43KP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a1b9865b6abee90b61a5edc4f1a8be2618708f271f504b71a2d840a102304ef6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2014-04-10T23:47:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"f6afb9493514357b7eb25d68e4dcd5365bd9658e266023c61e9d354781a11ce0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.2968","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.2968","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.2968v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.2968","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5CYY25WM6N32","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5CYY25WM6N32XIXG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5CYY25WM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:983ec25b3cab1e70b66e768a0a9a4a5d0e38b238a84f9399d7641d7edb065fd8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present Defocusing Microscopy (DM), a bright-field optical microscopy technique able to perform total 3D imaging of transparent objects. By total 3D imaging we mean the determination of the actual shapes of the upper and lower surfaces of a phase object. We propose a new methodology using DM and apply it to red blood cells subject to different osmolality conditions: hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions. For each situation the shape of the upper and lower cell surface-membranes (lipid bilayer/cytoskeleton) are completely recovered, displaying the deformation of RBCs surfaces due to a","authors_text":"F. T. Amaral, L. Siman, O. N. Mesquita, P. M. S. Roma, U. Agero","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2014-04-10T23:47:20Z","title":"Total 3D imaging of phase objects using defocusing microscopy: application to red blood cells"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.2968","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1ea419eefb4e784ef422d9eebe5d2901e295156626f1f1f24e8f5fc5c442b3e5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a1b9865b6abee90b61a5edc4f1a8be2618708f271f504b71a2d840a102304ef6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2014-04-10T23:47:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"f6afb9493514357b7eb25d68e4dcd5365bd9658e266023c61e9d354781a11ce0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.2968","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e8b18d76ccf377aba2e637dcca479b53d6c3ac77a3798402ac00a7046356b651","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e8b18d76ccf377aba2e637dcca479b53d6c3ac77a3798402ac00a7046356b651","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35.500733Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35.500733Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"MuyoIz4bS9s7nvt6jbE8bmPMOpG93VL3/cxAtFVyueTF9A8G6eiEQNfqQDophyKvRip+SVFiAd1Mjo0dr/UPBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:35.501230Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1404.2968","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1ea419eefb4e784ef422d9eebe5d2901e295156626f1f1f24e8f5fc5c442b3e5","sha256:983ec25b3cab1e70b66e768a0a9a4a5d0e38b238a84f9399d7641d7edb065fd8"],"state_sha256":"851fcc164dd944828ce40fa67e3b8bbb546054bd2418eaca2b2792a308cffed2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FpluYXrJ0MfnWz9vOWBwuAHxJ+RdGy3gqO4/6FO8k539xkKNw22+rijtn0NFVX0R7FWFBWE1LAo3FPcaLNh7Dg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T03:46:04.962986Z","bundle_sha256":"e6c380ec16c0f5597b9bdf32079117238e3d8c63218cafe058419c43a17fc382"}}