{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS","short_pith_number":"pith:5DC4R5PH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.11125","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T15:00:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cf16ef1fda7f9d34600e324eb7fa706f6a7edeb8cb2803c8caa1abafae0595b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"f31bf233ca8496795de1d68db7a9c2b1f0bb988964840dd261b1386f29e0ef69"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8c5c8f5e79e79494e1814d91ef1213caf12609da3e6cc31270357cd85bc7af7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1705.11125","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.11125","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.11125v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.11125","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5DC4R5PHTZ4U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5DC4R5PH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.11125","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T15:00:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cf16ef1fda7f9d34600e324eb7fa706f6a7edeb8cb2803c8caa1abafae0595b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"f31bf233ca8496795de1d68db7a9c2b1f0bb988964840dd261b1386f29e0ef69"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8c5c8f5e79e79494e1814d91ef1213caf12609da3e6cc31270357cd85bc7af7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39.945652Z","signature_b64":"Fc6zGjZe1xqhc2IfGooffucqyga3Qxy2yq7aYoxO3tL1evcE+s/zCDheW+IRZH/WTpblD6r1+GGZ0MCG25bKAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e8c5c8f5e79e79494e1814d91ef1213caf12609da3e6cc31270357cd85bc7af7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39.944805Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39.944805Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1705.11125","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DOIsBWrTb2f2f4LUsohUmzlMnOo3GWhhq7b6sjiKQBjhMU9hnvbnReB6PnA4+h8s+EW1xPvOPnDwIeFdMqLtBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T11:08:00.910991Z"},"content_sha256":"3e409e07ed76faf441ba2d1be6e63b9e0901fdf65a706db9ad6ea09c7a9374b0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3e409e07ed76faf441ba2d1be6e63b9e0901fdf65a706db9ad6ea09c7a9374b0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mining Frequent Learning Pathways from a Large Educational Dataset","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CY","authors_text":"Collin Sellman, Derek Lomas, Nirmal Patel","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T15:00:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we describe data mining techniques used to extract frequent learning pathways from a large educational dataset. These pathways were extracted as a directed graph that encoded student learning processes. Our dataset contains more than 800 million interactions of over 3 million anonymized students in an online learning platform. Performing process mining on large and complex datasets regularly yields incomprehensible process models. Although, if we cluster data and obtain groups following similar processes, we can greatly improve process mining results. To this end, we developed a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.11125","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XtHibX43zXqaKVV6zLmri0HH6Mt4J4IpemZxO72h0PCm3T+C5FgokiMYhnfJHyTeuJ4S755quH7G6s6zIC8UDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T11:08:00.911347Z"},"content_sha256":"b6dc50697518ebe9c22fb1bd16bda7c1193bf02a5a95bbd3ff5f7dfd9b248ddc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b6dc50697518ebe9c22fb1bd16bda7c1193bf02a5a95bbd3ff5f7dfd9b248ddc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T11:08:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQYCTMR54JBHS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f31bf233ca8496795de1d68db7a9c2b1f0bb988964840dd261b1386f29e0ef69","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T15:00:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"cf16ef1fda7f9d34600e324eb7fa706f6a7edeb8cb2803c8caa1abafae0595b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.11125","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.11125","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.11125v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.11125","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5DC4R5PHTZ4U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5DC4R5PHTZ4USTQY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5DC4R5PH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b6dc50697518ebe9c22fb1bd16bda7c1193bf02a5a95bbd3ff5f7dfd9b248ddc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we describe data mining techniques used to extract frequent learning pathways from a large educational dataset. These pathways were extracted as a directed graph that encoded student learning processes. Our dataset contains more than 800 million interactions of over 3 million anonymized students in an online learning platform. Performing process mining on large and complex datasets regularly yields incomprehensible process models. Although, if we cluster data and obtain groups following similar processes, we can greatly improve process mining results. To this end, we developed a","authors_text":"Collin Sellman, Derek Lomas, Nirmal Patel","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T15:00:07Z","title":"Mining Frequent Learning Pathways from a Large Educational Dataset"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.11125","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3e409e07ed76faf441ba2d1be6e63b9e0901fdf65a706db9ad6ea09c7a9374b0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f31bf233ca8496795de1d68db7a9c2b1f0bb988964840dd261b1386f29e0ef69","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-05-31T15:00:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"cf16ef1fda7f9d34600e324eb7fa706f6a7edeb8cb2803c8caa1abafae0595b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.11125","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"e8c5c8f5e79e79494e1814d91ef1213caf12609da3e6cc31270357cd85bc7af7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e8c5c8f5e79e79494e1814d91ef1213caf12609da3e6cc31270357cd85bc7af7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39.944805Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39.944805Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Fc6zGjZe1xqhc2IfGooffucqyga3Qxy2yq7aYoxO3tL1evcE+s/zCDheW+IRZH/WTpblD6r1+GGZ0MCG25bKAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:39.945652Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1705.11125","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3e409e07ed76faf441ba2d1be6e63b9e0901fdf65a706db9ad6ea09c7a9374b0","sha256:b6dc50697518ebe9c22fb1bd16bda7c1193bf02a5a95bbd3ff5f7dfd9b248ddc"],"state_sha256":"a4f02370b23e05948191dfd608c8124b69acba5462939f254101410c7837b262"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zgJ+xbChT+0mSZuzGd+Pylp8dCvFA5jgWAYSuJDak+sHBC5YiHdT/2k48PH4Pn4eMUSciv8vTYsx0IbzDmuiCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T11:08:00.913203Z","bundle_sha256":"ba3c299099ff047b1d0bd9f80dffb7a99d39ac2c45afc53c006da09f9f44c0f0"}}