{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2","short_pith_number":"pith:5FCNQY2L","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.12988","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-17T14:50:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"4bff27bd3d82264328bafd2b6e2037df717a447739e12328a6e22063ea077309","abstract_canon_sha256":"38e4bd9d579cb009d723227ce314bf8374efc10f765f1620d04a7bb72c42ba5f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e944d8634b9fb7c484cdeea9a4220e6eb807b40585ddbc220fd1331ab67a6af9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2504.12988","version":5},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.12988","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.12988v5","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.12988","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5FCNQY2LT634","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5FCNQY2LT634JBGN","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5FCNQY2L","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.12988","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-17T14:50:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"4bff27bd3d82264328bafd2b6e2037df717a447739e12328a6e22063ea077309","abstract_canon_sha256":"38e4bd9d579cb009d723227ce314bf8374efc10f765f1620d04a7bb72c42ba5f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e944d8634b9fb7c484cdeea9a4220e6eb807b40585ddbc220fd1331ab67a6af9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05.626830Z","signature_b64":"M7lJuriASefoPCQKaa8l8TlUfIF7sfS1tKE2pzEsiCxckaH6XUrquUhD5HEmUM4ubphq05sjqdAVdkizSWLACQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e944d8634b9fb7c484cdeea9a4220e6eb807b40585ddbc220fd1331ab67a6af9","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05.625797Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05.625797Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2504.12988","source_version":5,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"n7tBRWJJ8amOIm5jRRDg80qQOWxU+nN2vDF6jmPK/sEaW61VNh/ei81u+LPGz0HR/WpuOcDu9GXCrZKrRhnlCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-22T06:29:06.767154Z"},"content_sha256":"ea05947f257bec4e4e7a28acefeb8793660b77c83504c6cd00a50ff51d128490","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ea05947f257bec4e4e7a28acefeb8793660b77c83504c6cd00a50ff51d128490"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Why Ask One When You Can Ask $k$? Learning-to-Defer to the Top-$k$ Experts","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Axel Carlier, Lai Xing Ng, Wei Tsang Ooi, Yannis Montreuil","submitted_at":"2025-04-17T14:50:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"Existing Learning-to-Defer (L2D) frameworks are limited to single-expert deferral, forcing each query to rely on only one expert and preventing the use of collective expertise. We introduce the first framework for Top-$k$ Learning-to-Defer, which allocates queries to the $k$ most cost-effective entities. Our formulation unifies and strictly generalizes prior approaches, including the one-stage and two-stage regimes, selective prediction, and classical cascades. In particular, it recovers the usual Top-1 deferral rule as a special case while enabling principled collaboration with multiple exper"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.12988","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2504.12988/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ERl+FbCX9EdiUD9SKBv2F+qHcFdzaNaGGnluAQafT5uICA6Q5eV1KkYiA1bGo35P4q0BEhHSnTkoYeLSucm/DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-22T06:29:06.767603Z"},"content_sha256":"8cc19cb538a311845073f1a6b8c73b3e0f6c3da2ae22b7e21f7429f6fcebedbc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8cc19cb538a311845073f1a6b8c73b3e0f6c3da2ae22b7e21f7429f6fcebedbc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-22T06:29:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:5FCNQY2LT634JBGN52U2IIQON2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"38e4bd9d579cb009d723227ce314bf8374efc10f765f1620d04a7bb72c42ba5f","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-17T14:50:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"4bff27bd3d82264328bafd2b6e2037df717a447739e12328a6e22063ea077309"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.12988","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.12988","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.12988v5","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.12988","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5FCNQY2LT634","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5FCNQY2LT634JBGN","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5FCNQY2L","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8cc19cb538a311845073f1a6b8c73b3e0f6c3da2ae22b7e21f7429f6fcebedbc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2504.12988/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Existing Learning-to-Defer (L2D) frameworks are limited to single-expert deferral, forcing each query to rely on only one expert and preventing the use of collective expertise. We introduce the first framework for Top-$k$ Learning-to-Defer, which allocates queries to the $k$ most cost-effective entities. Our formulation unifies and strictly generalizes prior approaches, including the one-stage and two-stage regimes, selective prediction, and classical cascades. In particular, it recovers the usual Top-1 deferral rule as a special case while enabling principled collaboration with multiple exper","authors_text":"Axel Carlier, Lai Xing Ng, Wei Tsang Ooi, Yannis Montreuil","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-17T14:50:40Z","title":"Why Ask One When You Can Ask $k$? Learning-to-Defer to the Top-$k$ Experts"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.12988","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ea05947f257bec4e4e7a28acefeb8793660b77c83504c6cd00a50ff51d128490","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"38e4bd9d579cb009d723227ce314bf8374efc10f765f1620d04a7bb72c42ba5f","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-17T14:50:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"4bff27bd3d82264328bafd2b6e2037df717a447739e12328a6e22063ea077309"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.12988","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"canonical_sha256":"e944d8634b9fb7c484cdeea9a4220e6eb807b40585ddbc220fd1331ab67a6af9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e944d8634b9fb7c484cdeea9a4220e6eb807b40585ddbc220fd1331ab67a6af9","first_computed_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05.625797Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05.625797Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"M7lJuriASefoPCQKaa8l8TlUfIF7sfS1tKE2pzEsiCxckaH6XUrquUhD5HEmUM4ubphq05sjqdAVdkizSWLACQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-21T01:05:05.626830Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2504.12988","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":5}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ea05947f257bec4e4e7a28acefeb8793660b77c83504c6cd00a50ff51d128490","sha256:8cc19cb538a311845073f1a6b8c73b3e0f6c3da2ae22b7e21f7429f6fcebedbc"],"state_sha256":"eed0779d82d1ff74265007fb4731153a98cdb07679bfac40ae3b0fa7f323b5d4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Ofh2F19HR44Cl+cF2HU801zCW0bCuWWGV8qj28d65BSyxRJ8CvDLL15QcFgBjxsCaJKth+F9s5ey763suXx+DA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-22T06:29:06.770125Z","bundle_sha256":"01b519e8edb8635940bcffacba4c4e25089c52dde39d7cdeee49b352f6168043"}}