{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3","short_pith_number":"pith:5GACYZPT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1302.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2013-02-16T02:34:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"362b7d6d4ca0b943706d014757e41f5f2f9e40f8178b39bcc25689b11fe391a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d1c5ba977a72478514592a0608ab1c3d8035811d62776400d9fff0c77ee727c5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e9802c65f31aa3321032871a74ee2636de064ef36d755178796a52c5132ff768","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1302.3922","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1302.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1302.3922v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1302.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5GACYZPTDKRT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5GACYZPTDKRTEEBS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5GACYZPT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1302.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2013-02-16T02:34:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"362b7d6d4ca0b943706d014757e41f5f2f9e40f8178b39bcc25689b11fe391a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d1c5ba977a72478514592a0608ab1c3d8035811d62776400d9fff0c77ee727c5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e9802c65f31aa3321032871a74ee2636de064ef36d755178796a52c5132ff768","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24.887280Z","signature_b64":"pnHc476pajO+xsxRCOWy96jnxHYsNzyGtTmCni80dpUSScGiKCn6wxBHnNyOxmekc7YfcDnuWUi22UPwKXDaCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e9802c65f31aa3321032871a74ee2636de064ef36d755178796a52c5132ff768","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24.886749Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24.886749Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1302.3922","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"epnCL/1spS9YLGN3T1bxBWrTz53jgdHbPgtxINHyJX3vZ7Q4EcZn6o44aqTYe4MFCFXw4ekYUa68zELxbflqAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T23:36:56.761089Z"},"content_sha256":"7ad08854eebf685e28363ec094fcc531727d1484ce95bbdf5212c42582821758","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7ad08854eebf685e28363ec094fcc531727d1484ce95bbdf5212c42582821758"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Variability Effects in Graphene: Challenges and Opportunities for Device Engineering and Applications","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Alexander A. Balandin, Guangyu Xu, Kang L. Wang, Xiangfeng Duan, Yuegang Zhang","submitted_at":"2013-02-16T02:34:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"Variability effects in graphene can result from the surrounding environment and the graphene material itself, which form a critical issue in examining the feasibility of graphene devices for large-scale production. From the reliability and yield perspective, these variabilities cause fluctuations in the device performance, which should be minimized via device engineering. From the metrology perspective, however, the variability effects can function as novel probing mechanisms, in which the 'signal fluctuations' can be useful for potential sensing applications. This paper presents an overview o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1302.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vzpOP9G4dbQs8ZGEt/pthN9RM+llIGUifa5hDTal+Bz8Ikop3J6dP+CgzaDHFaJdkv8U6DoO6IYzNBsoAKafAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T23:36:56.761813Z"},"content_sha256":"99a7acb10e6683302447e67f679b662df09aa3fdbf2b0a626e03b7474bbc167f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:99a7acb10e6683302447e67f679b662df09aa3fdbf2b0a626e03b7474bbc167f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T23:36:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:5GACYZPTDKRTEEBSQ4NHJ3RGG3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d1c5ba977a72478514592a0608ab1c3d8035811d62776400d9fff0c77ee727c5","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2013-02-16T02:34:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"362b7d6d4ca0b943706d014757e41f5f2f9e40f8178b39bcc25689b11fe391a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1302.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1302.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1302.3922v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1302.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5GACYZPTDKRT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5GACYZPTDKRTEEBS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5GACYZPT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:99a7acb10e6683302447e67f679b662df09aa3fdbf2b0a626e03b7474bbc167f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Variability effects in graphene can result from the surrounding environment and the graphene material itself, which form a critical issue in examining the feasibility of graphene devices for large-scale production. From the reliability and yield perspective, these variabilities cause fluctuations in the device performance, which should be minimized via device engineering. From the metrology perspective, however, the variability effects can function as novel probing mechanisms, in which the 'signal fluctuations' can be useful for potential sensing applications. This paper presents an overview o","authors_text":"Alexander A. Balandin, Guangyu Xu, Kang L. Wang, Xiangfeng Duan, Yuegang Zhang","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2013-02-16T02:34:49Z","title":"Variability Effects in Graphene: Challenges and Opportunities for Device Engineering and Applications"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1302.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7ad08854eebf685e28363ec094fcc531727d1484ce95bbdf5212c42582821758","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d1c5ba977a72478514592a0608ab1c3d8035811d62776400d9fff0c77ee727c5","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2013-02-16T02:34:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"362b7d6d4ca0b943706d014757e41f5f2f9e40f8178b39bcc25689b11fe391a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1302.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e9802c65f31aa3321032871a74ee2636de064ef36d755178796a52c5132ff768","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e9802c65f31aa3321032871a74ee2636de064ef36d755178796a52c5132ff768","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24.886749Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24.886749Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pnHc476pajO+xsxRCOWy96jnxHYsNzyGtTmCni80dpUSScGiKCn6wxBHnNyOxmekc7YfcDnuWUi22UPwKXDaCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:33:24.887280Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1302.3922","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7ad08854eebf685e28363ec094fcc531727d1484ce95bbdf5212c42582821758","sha256:99a7acb10e6683302447e67f679b662df09aa3fdbf2b0a626e03b7474bbc167f"],"state_sha256":"39c196433b7c1c1d2952909a3d1ca674fac3b286be6947fe90dc48bfc4a3effd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sDliV3cvHS4iJ7AQh1w0gES9DzysfOURVbyIN4ht9LCG4y1uTFvEQp9CIAv6G4looOUHIxcgpDv/4YI95A+JBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T23:36:56.765689Z","bundle_sha256":"c1fb745bc4ac43b6f47f9cbccaf4dda4309bc7c690a6252747886a642ac80b3a"}}