{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R","short_pith_number":"pith:5GAJKODY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1008.4956","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2010-08-29T20:42:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"13c8c4f6d878a4e9ba8ae0780f22b35a59e26bd1abc30024dee03455501e8598","abstract_canon_sha256":"9041c8de6a182a686735ef05a863e2fe29d199e439d3e5cf050bc2c92424619a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e980953878b4c64555cda7cffb1c26ec59460ef837b82288d95f6285dd765114","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1008.4956","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1008.4956","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1008.4956v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1008.4956","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5GAJKODYWTDE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5GAJKODYWTDEKVON","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5GAJKODY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1008.4956","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2010-08-29T20:42:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"13c8c4f6d878a4e9ba8ae0780f22b35a59e26bd1abc30024dee03455501e8598","abstract_canon_sha256":"9041c8de6a182a686735ef05a863e2fe29d199e439d3e5cf050bc2c92424619a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e980953878b4c64555cda7cffb1c26ec59460ef837b82288d95f6285dd765114","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13.914786Z","signature_b64":"l4Ag8ue/aunzmyh9IkU6wNnj48Y0j2upSof6oRNxbAWtOqSryz8YJ1UCOrqr5l5Ljc6E4mWvmNYzkUDXTRhEDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e980953878b4c64555cda7cffb1c26ec59460ef837b82288d95f6285dd765114","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13.914158Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13.914158Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1008.4956","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"acpJ/uO0/VhqvWJSx/5Bgu1si/eU3MJ9VKmuJ5zdPDizl5MfiAKbNjqDs4D0wCCMNEPBR+snmeIdBIH+OASpBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:45:34.347618Z"},"content_sha256":"efa1d701565b44c3158e3746f36b04def11b925c046bd5d0f119b2bde99910d9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:efa1d701565b44c3158e3746f36b04def11b925c046bd5d0f119b2bde99910d9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Self-consistent calculations of loss compensated fishnet metamaterials","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Anan Fang, Costas M. Soukoulis, Thomas Koschny","submitted_at":"2010-08-29T20:42:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a computational approach, allowing for a self-consistent treatment of three-dimensional (3D) fishnet metamaterial coupled to a gain material incorporated into the nanostructure. We show numerically that one can compensate the losses by incorporating gain material inside the fishnet structure. The pump rate needed to compensate the loss is much smaller than the bulk gain and the figure of merit (FOM = |Re(n)/Im(n)|) increases dramatically with the pump rate. Transmission, reflection, and absorption data, as well as the retrieved effective parameters, are presented for the fishnet str"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1008.4956","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3rp87zIeYtvORK1rfW/qCeXu10MHovN2jXXpxwuOBZA7RXCWBTnRlLaH54s9PZBRteBpYP6DlYZnq12qSAqtDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:45:34.348267Z"},"content_sha256":"f2f80df3713f8f7755da8201abc8ae3802f0087e6870c9551e1bd7df2ae69597","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f2f80df3713f8f7755da8201abc8ae3802f0087e6870c9551e1bd7df2ae69597"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T20:45:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:5GAJKODYWTDEKVONU7H7WHBG5R","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9041c8de6a182a686735ef05a863e2fe29d199e439d3e5cf050bc2c92424619a","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2010-08-29T20:42:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"13c8c4f6d878a4e9ba8ae0780f22b35a59e26bd1abc30024dee03455501e8598"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1008.4956","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1008.4956","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1008.4956v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1008.4956","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5GAJKODYWTDE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5GAJKODYWTDEKVON","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5GAJKODY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f2f80df3713f8f7755da8201abc8ae3802f0087e6870c9551e1bd7df2ae69597","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a computational approach, allowing for a self-consistent treatment of three-dimensional (3D) fishnet metamaterial coupled to a gain material incorporated into the nanostructure. We show numerically that one can compensate the losses by incorporating gain material inside the fishnet structure. The pump rate needed to compensate the loss is much smaller than the bulk gain and the figure of merit (FOM = |Re(n)/Im(n)|) increases dramatically with the pump rate. Transmission, reflection, and absorption data, as well as the retrieved effective parameters, are presented for the fishnet str","authors_text":"Anan Fang, Costas M. Soukoulis, Thomas Koschny","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2010-08-29T20:42:47Z","title":"Self-consistent calculations of loss compensated fishnet metamaterials"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1008.4956","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:efa1d701565b44c3158e3746f36b04def11b925c046bd5d0f119b2bde99910d9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9041c8de6a182a686735ef05a863e2fe29d199e439d3e5cf050bc2c92424619a","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2010-08-29T20:42:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"13c8c4f6d878a4e9ba8ae0780f22b35a59e26bd1abc30024dee03455501e8598"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1008.4956","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"e980953878b4c64555cda7cffb1c26ec59460ef837b82288d95f6285dd765114","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e980953878b4c64555cda7cffb1c26ec59460ef837b82288d95f6285dd765114","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13.914158Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13.914158Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"l4Ag8ue/aunzmyh9IkU6wNnj48Y0j2upSof6oRNxbAWtOqSryz8YJ1UCOrqr5l5Ljc6E4mWvmNYzkUDXTRhEDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:41:13.914786Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1008.4956","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:efa1d701565b44c3158e3746f36b04def11b925c046bd5d0f119b2bde99910d9","sha256:f2f80df3713f8f7755da8201abc8ae3802f0087e6870c9551e1bd7df2ae69597"],"state_sha256":"6f868efae42802615dce635da5feb249dbe06342cca07a7183be528013c9d960"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PnlL8CDQ6wixnoq/9lwXQDOcATellPwZ540dGMt7W3p4nnj02OpZI8kLYJNxLZLaruasEWWlfbOhb+Uq5OhGBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:45:34.351687Z","bundle_sha256":"aa2352dcae0c4730aed83ee1b2a0cc901044ca4801aa244ea89159fb0453c310"}}