{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73","short_pith_number":"pith:5GP3L2Z3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.15809","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-02-24T13:13:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"2c392213c78a6a8dbedbea99091feebc89acaeeea3fce6bb006eaca6475f9e4a","abstract_canon_sha256":"ca7ab41f82b575ff3f650f475714d69af34a6b519fce594ee45b7663924f9895"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e99fb5eb3bda1b994ec791809c3456fec40e9cdd814f95c9aa0a02fbe25e42e0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2402.15809","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.15809","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.15809v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.15809","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5GP3L2Z33INZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5GP3L2Z33INZSTWH","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5GP3L2Z3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.15809","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-02-24T13:13:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"2c392213c78a6a8dbedbea99091feebc89acaeeea3fce6bb006eaca6475f9e4a","abstract_canon_sha256":"ca7ab41f82b575ff3f650f475714d69af34a6b519fce594ee45b7663924f9895"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e99fb5eb3bda1b994ec791809c3456fec40e9cdd814f95c9aa0a02fbe25e42e0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20.102262Z","signature_b64":"pAUkAsyBtT2rxx1rQk7oUGvbCbDa1464wVjbbDQIkwv8Xipma/wmF93D8iEAaZR/K2G9Qp5FvYtSM8g8mrnaDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e99fb5eb3bda1b994ec791809c3456fec40e9cdd814f95c9aa0a02fbe25e42e0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20.101694Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20.101694Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2402.15809","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"69fhJv4vJDQuR5IgnmaC9InOFiNV/LtLZujASv3+2xwGkM+1Lp5bYoVWJbg7jRG6TXd3VpRSRyRDLH1ylL9yDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-31T13:42:38.992914Z"},"content_sha256":"cd25bd37e1b3ca035a2c635ee593f3612587295c5b3a20ccc216d6b314407c9d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cd25bd37e1b3ca035a2c635ee593f3612587295c5b3a20ccc216d6b314407c9d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Empowering Large Language Model Agents through Action Learning","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Chang Ma, Guoyin Wang, Haiteng Zhao, Hongxia Yang, Jingjing Xu, Jing Su, Lingpeng Kong, Zhi-Hong Deng","submitted_at":"2024-02-24T13:13:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Model (LLM) Agents have recently garnered increasing interest yet they are limited in their ability to learn from trial and error, a key element of intelligent behavior. In this work, we argue that the capacity to learn new actions from experience is fundamental to the advancement of learning in LLM agents. While humans naturally expand their action spaces and develop skills through experiential learning, LLM agents typically operate within fixed action spaces, limiting their potential for growth. To address these challenges, our study explores open-action learning for language "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.15809","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2402.15809/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c6T9eNk7m5faXH38+3yjhRlrtCHCbOsOEeAe2KTN8D3muJUyxSb0YWNwSA8GtwkmoZFPCx5by+ce2+imOwEwDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-31T13:42:38.993860Z"},"content_sha256":"c5412546aabdcb692a8151c3b9fea2e41f7078ea70e7789720125e3d3a4bf460","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c5412546aabdcb692a8151c3b9fea2e41f7078ea70e7789720125e3d3a4bf460"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-31T13:42:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:5GP3L2Z33INZSTWHSGAJYNCW73","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ca7ab41f82b575ff3f650f475714d69af34a6b519fce594ee45b7663924f9895","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-02-24T13:13:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"2c392213c78a6a8dbedbea99091feebc89acaeeea3fce6bb006eaca6475f9e4a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.15809","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.15809","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.15809v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.15809","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5GP3L2Z33INZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5GP3L2Z33INZSTWH","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5GP3L2Z3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c5412546aabdcb692a8151c3b9fea2e41f7078ea70e7789720125e3d3a4bf460","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2402.15809/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Model (LLM) Agents have recently garnered increasing interest yet they are limited in their ability to learn from trial and error, a key element of intelligent behavior. In this work, we argue that the capacity to learn new actions from experience is fundamental to the advancement of learning in LLM agents. While humans naturally expand their action spaces and develop skills through experiential learning, LLM agents typically operate within fixed action spaces, limiting their potential for growth. To address these challenges, our study explores open-action learning for language ","authors_text":"Chang Ma, Guoyin Wang, Haiteng Zhao, Hongxia Yang, Jingjing Xu, Jing Su, Lingpeng Kong, Zhi-Hong Deng","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-02-24T13:13:04Z","title":"Empowering Large Language Model Agents through Action Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.15809","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cd25bd37e1b3ca035a2c635ee593f3612587295c5b3a20ccc216d6b314407c9d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ca7ab41f82b575ff3f650f475714d69af34a6b519fce594ee45b7663924f9895","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-02-24T13:13:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"2c392213c78a6a8dbedbea99091feebc89acaeeea3fce6bb006eaca6475f9e4a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.15809","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"e99fb5eb3bda1b994ec791809c3456fec40e9cdd814f95c9aa0a02fbe25e42e0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e99fb5eb3bda1b994ec791809c3456fec40e9cdd814f95c9aa0a02fbe25e42e0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20.101694Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20.101694Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pAUkAsyBtT2rxx1rQk7oUGvbCbDa1464wVjbbDQIkwv8Xipma/wmF93D8iEAaZR/K2G9Qp5FvYtSM8g8mrnaDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:53:20.102262Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2402.15809","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cd25bd37e1b3ca035a2c635ee593f3612587295c5b3a20ccc216d6b314407c9d","sha256:c5412546aabdcb692a8151c3b9fea2e41f7078ea70e7789720125e3d3a4bf460"],"state_sha256":"ddb527d6e625ab264ea11a6f785c9beae9069fd1b923fe0efc4f272b3588948e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6A++OygMubnWzYuEswH/dWBaPcRDrfb1CyzNcuMXlMxckUIgY5cujrcEIANbaT9oirY0qSIit22i/iFPgD3rCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-31T13:42:39.001905Z","bundle_sha256":"1f519c7fcf122f126e1cd5958577c4add8996d977f29ceb5d4a2494eae83e1d6"}}