{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN","short_pith_number":"pith:5KEYFFGY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.05635","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2015-10-19T19:44:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7095860ac31ae2a727c87ab84a69fc82cf6febcc47310d2b1f8cb0a3870db952","abstract_canon_sha256":"4e1691214120f815e1bd46861de09d6ebb2bd5e2eba22c0a5c1deccc7d22afcb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ea898294d814c57af9b49a785fe5bdc3559522d80951281a72033ac2c5ceec4f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1510.05635","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.05635","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.05635v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.05635","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5KEYFFGYCTCX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5KEYFFGY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.05635","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2015-10-19T19:44:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7095860ac31ae2a727c87ab84a69fc82cf6febcc47310d2b1f8cb0a3870db952","abstract_canon_sha256":"4e1691214120f815e1bd46861de09d6ebb2bd5e2eba22c0a5c1deccc7d22afcb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ea898294d814c57af9b49a785fe5bdc3559522d80951281a72033ac2c5ceec4f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51.861862Z","signature_b64":"PIpvJJ6ydAz6opf3bgN8SzdA+pNnpsB3F8HsKp6Eug7nSn+6UCBgmrJDU+lLhqM0SpA9OFsmddqLmYxAzhQMAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ea898294d814c57af9b49a785fe5bdc3559522d80951281a72033ac2c5ceec4f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51.861411Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51.861411Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1510.05635","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CJuSnykMMIjdtVkmYwhFK/dGZ//Brv8QzSzktb1b4AqRDmmZ5ll2CvdLq7bKL24Xa5L4RgMfFRlYGekHKTJ7CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T14:20:56.168703Z"},"content_sha256":"5433c62c666d8b24632053c2136fe40fdf2b00d51bfed2b129e2979513885b0b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5433c62c666d8b24632053c2136fe40fdf2b00d51bfed2b129e2979513885b0b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Nonlinear Evolution of a Baroclinic Wave and Imbalanced Dissipation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Balasubramanya T. Nadiga","submitted_at":"2015-10-19T19:44:36Z","abstract_excerpt":"We consider the nonlinear evolution of an unstable baroclinic wave in a regime of rotating stratified flow that is of relevance to interior circulation in the oceans and in the atmosphere---a regime characterized by small large-scale Rossby and Froude numbers, a small vertical to horizontal aspect ratio, and no bounding horizontal surfaces. Using high-resolution simulations of the non-hydrostatic Boussinesq equations and companion integrations of the balanced quasi-geostrophic equations, we present evidence for a local route to dissipation of balanced energy directly through interior turbulent"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.05635","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"P8xNtTfB3OA07N+ZDV+r7NcGBELmLxAyT6e/erdE6n9d+UWWbA++RLqpe8uJijfHIbLI7PdrRCY4qANE2Y1sCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T14:20:56.169064Z"},"content_sha256":"ae45a70731fd728bf2fdab7187326760028e0a20d87fbf0369c8b2a9d6294222","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ae45a70731fd728bf2fdab7187326760028e0a20d87fbf0369c8b2a9d6294222"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T14:20:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NUTJ4F7ZN5YN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4e1691214120f815e1bd46861de09d6ebb2bd5e2eba22c0a5c1deccc7d22afcb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2015-10-19T19:44:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"7095860ac31ae2a727c87ab84a69fc82cf6febcc47310d2b1f8cb0a3870db952"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.05635","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.05635","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.05635v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.05635","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5KEYFFGYCTCX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5KEYFFGYCTCXV6NU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5KEYFFGY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ae45a70731fd728bf2fdab7187326760028e0a20d87fbf0369c8b2a9d6294222","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We consider the nonlinear evolution of an unstable baroclinic wave in a regime of rotating stratified flow that is of relevance to interior circulation in the oceans and in the atmosphere---a regime characterized by small large-scale Rossby and Froude numbers, a small vertical to horizontal aspect ratio, and no bounding horizontal surfaces. Using high-resolution simulations of the non-hydrostatic Boussinesq equations and companion integrations of the balanced quasi-geostrophic equations, we present evidence for a local route to dissipation of balanced energy directly through interior turbulent","authors_text":"Balasubramanya T. Nadiga","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2015-10-19T19:44:36Z","title":"Nonlinear Evolution of a Baroclinic Wave and Imbalanced Dissipation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.05635","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5433c62c666d8b24632053c2136fe40fdf2b00d51bfed2b129e2979513885b0b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4e1691214120f815e1bd46861de09d6ebb2bd5e2eba22c0a5c1deccc7d22afcb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2015-10-19T19:44:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"7095860ac31ae2a727c87ab84a69fc82cf6febcc47310d2b1f8cb0a3870db952"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.05635","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ea898294d814c57af9b49a785fe5bdc3559522d80951281a72033ac2c5ceec4f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ea898294d814c57af9b49a785fe5bdc3559522d80951281a72033ac2c5ceec4f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51.861411Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51.861411Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"PIpvJJ6ydAz6opf3bgN8SzdA+pNnpsB3F8HsKp6Eug7nSn+6UCBgmrJDU+lLhqM0SpA9OFsmddqLmYxAzhQMAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:29:51.861862Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1510.05635","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5433c62c666d8b24632053c2136fe40fdf2b00d51bfed2b129e2979513885b0b","sha256:ae45a70731fd728bf2fdab7187326760028e0a20d87fbf0369c8b2a9d6294222"],"state_sha256":"aea920a3a63544b3e7fbdd6d7a776af923a393fd3389b994d5c500ff71a0200f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Nl89SkNP51J2MWJtrY4o8Myy2nkahBG9YZWzL9jpF2PlKu3BolDwEpWXhVW961a4m8Qul7b1XPs2KTKgpZLUAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T14:20:56.171808Z","bundle_sha256":"f958f097e0920ec16da7dfe041456ccb88a643d422d35a213ed69c89ee2db504"}}