{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2023:5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB","short_pith_number":"pith:5LHYX2MO","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"eacf8be98e28d049acda4143a90416c07d342f22935669f4d2d5feefccc82060","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2302.11600","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Hadrons, Superconductor Vortices, and Cosmological Constant","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-lat","hep-th","nucl-ex"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Keh-Fei Liu","submitted_at":"2023-02-22T19:00:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"We explore the roles of the trace anomaly in several hadron properties. We derive the scale invariant expression for the pressure from the gravitational form factors (GFF) of QCD which results in consistent results for the mass and rest energy from the GFF and those from the trace and the Hamiltonian of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) operators. It is shown that the energy-equilibrium correspondence of hadrons infers an equation of state where the trace anomaly matrix element, emerging from the glue condensate in the vacuum, gives a negative constant pressure that leads to confinement, much l"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2302.11600","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2023-02-22T19:00:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-lat","hep-th","nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"ff816ab4480bb3af2b39d1bb394cf0f4b6a3878c6f839aa614a8d86b284668da","abstract_canon_sha256":"795a1bb7010f83631c09c1f970c6e786da4760c948fe6db0b99541da30a81d6e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307915Z","signature_b64":"HLQ2U9kJZelrYruHR85Ihh2LPId9x9/wm0UXOjgv8N3sPMI0fZgFzGp0U7QTPWrladFhCbIhM5PF/jgTkCuWAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"eacf8be98e28d049acda4143a90416c07d342f22935669f4d2d5feefccc82060","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307398Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307398Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hadrons, Superconductor Vortices, and Cosmological Constant","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-lat","hep-th","nucl-ex"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Keh-Fei Liu","submitted_at":"2023-02-22T19:00:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"We explore the roles of the trace anomaly in several hadron properties. We derive the scale invariant expression for the pressure from the gravitational form factors (GFF) of QCD which results in consistent results for the mass and rest energy from the GFF and those from the trace and the Hamiltonian of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) operators. It is shown that the energy-equilibrium correspondence of hadrons infers an equation of state where the trace anomaly matrix element, emerging from the glue condensate in the vacuum, gives a negative constant pressure that leads to confinement, much l"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2302.11600","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2302.11600/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2302.11600","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2302.11600v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2302.11600","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5LHYX2MOFDIE","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5LHYX2MO","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":1,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2608.01002","citing_title":"Misconceptions About the Physics of the QCD Trace Anomaly from Renormalization in a Reducible Basis","ref_index":72,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB","json":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/5LHYX2MO"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/5LHYX2MO","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2302.11600&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/5LHYX2MOFDIETLG2IFB2SBAWYB/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T07:26:36.307459+00:00"}