{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:5MYTSCFEHWOCKTH3E23QHOEKUH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bb6a893fb1297b22ca8b5328d75c4b4e074982261835d9ef7cf8ed84c107fd06","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-08-12T14:18:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"dfe291821c26fa5a7f1a22a180476610f8040f82cd141038d6e7562841c663ae"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.03949","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.03949v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.03949","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5MYTSCFEHWOC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5MYTSCFEHWOCKTH3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5MYTSCFE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e63b43f08eeec2f59054001a9962a8e92d0ea6e602eb9965d0b79245d093d723","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"By leveraging blockchain, this letter proposes a blockchained federated learning (BlockFL) architecture where local learning model updates are exchanged and verified. This enables on-device machine learning without any centralized training data or coordination by utilizing a consensus mechanism in blockchain. Moreover, we analyze an end-to-end latency model of BlockFL and characterize the optimal block generation rate by considering communication, computation, and consensus delays.","authors_text":"Hyesung Kim, Jihong Park, Mehdi Bennis, Seong-Lyun Kim","cross_cats":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-08-12T14:18:14Z","title":"Blockchained On-Device Federated Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:20e75912115f27f017910a4e7ad2a7f062c508f6bb7a2feacb1b6165d5b8607b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bb6a893fb1297b22ca8b5328d75c4b4e074982261835d9ef7cf8ed84c107fd06","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-08-12T14:18:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"dfe291821c26fa5a7f1a22a180476610f8040f82cd141038d6e7562841c663ae"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"eb313908a43d9c254cfb26b703b88aa1f67a275493f2d49c3ffadbab82de365d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"eb313908a43d9c254cfb26b703b88aa1f67a275493f2d49c3ffadbab82de365d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53.900251Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53.900251Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rKMonvqX/W8ZeR6+c1p9HteqwAOJCx56r6RHGFf+GwqQ6XboOCTm0sas0qm+X5ATCJFi+rovAP84uWvylfzTBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:41:53.900644Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1808.03949","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:20e75912115f27f017910a4e7ad2a7f062c508f6bb7a2feacb1b6165d5b8607b","sha256:e63b43f08eeec2f59054001a9962a8e92d0ea6e602eb9965d0b79245d093d723"],"state_sha256":"b84784c6b49ed2c2c300fa1922f22904ec4934abc5d1f93fe26ee850643ca133"}