{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:5N3H75YNH5LIBVEVYSMRIPXNK5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7c792cfcfbb18fbb12f91bb652a22b4562295b6a7c096fd1cb660ed2f7ca20e7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-12T05:18:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"a78313d5d00024faeb1b6394d069f9fd077ad54df3f350f734d98cb5f16cabca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.02730","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.02730","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.02730v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.02730","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5N3H75YNH5LI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5N3H75YNH5LIBVEV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5N3H75YN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:226225caf787f3e65257e2a02d6492371de706855e5c047094a756155f20600e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Substantial changes in the generation portfolio take place due to the fast growth of renewable energy generation, of which the major types such as wind and solar power have significant forecast uncertainty. Reducing the impacts of uncertainty requires the cooperation of system participants, which are supported by proper market rules and incentives. In this paper, we propose a bilateral reserve market for variable generation (VG) producers and capacity resource providers. In this market, VG producers purchase bilateral reserve services (BRSs) to reduce potential imbalance penalties, and BRS pro","authors_text":"Audun Botterud, Hongbin Sun, Runze Chen, Yang Wang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-12T05:18:59Z","title":"A Bilateral Reserve Market for Variable Generation: Concept and Implementation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.02730","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2f3387a8cd16b1778ac166b71f1a079b23c70e5f80748e758d34dde5f91af864","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7c792cfcfbb18fbb12f91bb652a22b4562295b6a7c096fd1cb660ed2f7ca20e7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-12T05:18:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"a78313d5d00024faeb1b6394d069f9fd077ad54df3f350f734d98cb5f16cabca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.02730","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"eb767ff70d3f5680d495c499143eed575366a4674c2df9954f9daa6cb9e2973f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"eb767ff70d3f5680d495c499143eed575366a4674c2df9954f9daa6cb9e2973f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59.875308Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59.875308Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"s4GfZhNgfz3/FKdw6tM2rwK5SlIC3DVzpjotsvSI0bQeW0Ek9kK1YU/RKSrucsHv12TDiB3oY29HVTtdO5vTAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:22:59.876006Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1601.02730","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2f3387a8cd16b1778ac166b71f1a079b23c70e5f80748e758d34dde5f91af864","sha256:226225caf787f3e65257e2a02d6492371de706855e5c047094a756155f20600e"],"state_sha256":"0f788127e5fa2c90e75bb2acf3b50ea7a936a1499414d2267f0bab5ae923d332"}