{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6","short_pith_number":"pith:5NE2ILZL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.12128","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-09-24T18:00:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","math.ST","stat.TH"],"title_canon_sha256":"d45df6addfc0d70414103d618fe7ac35303a6cd99e80af7a7b78110dac7dc832","abstract_canon_sha256":"e9373f9fa6feafe1da63375afed826cacf3e14d7995cca6be505a1e8c5fd0c81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"eb49a42f2b745779bca7b0f15416b2a7a6d62f64a4565d629772870b7534fe7f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2109.12128","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.12128","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.12128v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.12128","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5NE2ILZLORLX","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5NE2ILZLORLXTPFH","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5NE2ILZL","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.12128","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-09-24T18:00:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","math.ST","stat.TH"],"title_canon_sha256":"d45df6addfc0d70414103d618fe7ac35303a6cd99e80af7a7b78110dac7dc832","abstract_canon_sha256":"e9373f9fa6feafe1da63375afed826cacf3e14d7995cca6be505a1e8c5fd0c81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"eb49a42f2b745779bca7b0f15416b2a7a6d62f64a4565d629772870b7534fe7f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17.764805Z","signature_b64":"zoc6TBqNe8nUoDC9ugJhcc7IZvHy5csVA5uaW+iZcTyonUjRm+rAyMLHT13ZhTMpGk/nzAH46TqhExtFI9ryCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"eb49a42f2b745779bca7b0f15416b2a7a6d62f64a4565d629772870b7534fe7f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17.764276Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17.764276Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2109.12128","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JJvDZib49HPFQTaUwc8i61ykaZVhexP6q7qRL3D9qaqV0D9EsrqQq2xwC55Dl7MWoDF7Clb4Ojirn6KdUu3rBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T03:32:13.571272Z"},"content_sha256":"a7e77886ee2d9097b4b57d84a00a3ed43069df183a9703b361a931e7d8381e40","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a7e77886ee2d9097b4b57d84a00a3ed43069df183a9703b361a931e7d8381e40"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A general framework for cyclic and fine-tuned causal models and their compatibility with space-time","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","math.ST","stat.TH"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Roger Colbeck, V. Vilasini","submitted_at":"2021-09-24T18:00:08Z","abstract_excerpt":"Causal modelling is a tool for generating causal explanations of observed correlations and has led to a deeper understanding of correlations in quantum networks. Existing frameworks for quantum causality tend to focus on acyclic causal structures that are not fine-tuned i.e., where causal connections between variables necessarily create correlations between them. However, fine-tuned causal models (which permit causation without correlation) play a crucial role in cryptography, and cyclic causal models can be used to model physical processes involving feedback and may also be relevant in exotic"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.12128","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2109.12128/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ufO6qoVVu1T6uirj6d6YpGnYJfHE5LVa+Sq+3brdzJkxw2HYaxYLjc+3B1XUxRl1hMtYeFiq4LI3aroraZjFDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T03:32:13.571695Z"},"content_sha256":"8cb8c0a6503f850c98060389c7938736397d2b48cb232d5fbaf54ca8a9259800","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8cb8c0a6503f850c98060389c7938736397d2b48cb232d5fbaf54ca8a9259800"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-11T03:32:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:5NE2ILZLORLXTPFHWDYVIFVSU6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e9373f9fa6feafe1da63375afed826cacf3e14d7995cca6be505a1e8c5fd0c81","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","math.ST","stat.TH"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-09-24T18:00:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"d45df6addfc0d70414103d618fe7ac35303a6cd99e80af7a7b78110dac7dc832"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.12128","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.12128","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.12128v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.12128","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5NE2ILZLORLX","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5NE2ILZLORLXTPFH","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5NE2ILZL","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8cb8c0a6503f850c98060389c7938736397d2b48cb232d5fbaf54ca8a9259800","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2109.12128/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Causal modelling is a tool for generating causal explanations of observed correlations and has led to a deeper understanding of correlations in quantum networks. Existing frameworks for quantum causality tend to focus on acyclic causal structures that are not fine-tuned i.e., where causal connections between variables necessarily create correlations between them. However, fine-tuned causal models (which permit causation without correlation) play a crucial role in cryptography, and cyclic causal models can be used to model physical processes involving feedback and may also be relevant in exotic","authors_text":"Roger Colbeck, V. Vilasini","cross_cats":["gr-qc","math.ST","stat.TH"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-09-24T18:00:08Z","title":"A general framework for cyclic and fine-tuned causal models and their compatibility with space-time"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.12128","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a7e77886ee2d9097b4b57d84a00a3ed43069df183a9703b361a931e7d8381e40","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e9373f9fa6feafe1da63375afed826cacf3e14d7995cca6be505a1e8c5fd0c81","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","math.ST","stat.TH"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-09-24T18:00:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"d45df6addfc0d70414103d618fe7ac35303a6cd99e80af7a7b78110dac7dc832"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.12128","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"eb49a42f2b745779bca7b0f15416b2a7a6d62f64a4565d629772870b7534fe7f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"eb49a42f2b745779bca7b0f15416b2a7a6d62f64a4565d629772870b7534fe7f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17.764276Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17.764276Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"zoc6TBqNe8nUoDC9ugJhcc7IZvHy5csVA5uaW+iZcTyonUjRm+rAyMLHT13ZhTMpGk/nzAH46TqhExtFI9ryCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:55:17.764805Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2109.12128","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a7e77886ee2d9097b4b57d84a00a3ed43069df183a9703b361a931e7d8381e40","sha256:8cb8c0a6503f850c98060389c7938736397d2b48cb232d5fbaf54ca8a9259800"],"state_sha256":"2f5a4230acb0836afe78f36c779eaf24162fef67654cf6dfb0b8374fe028d03a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nPoUsIZG8P1bulDq03wK4XBUxn48hQ/TOW7wMUhYp+nrknudE9WDZx3Fumn846K6/QwfKlYoQ+MkZkNF0LSdAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T03:32:13.575152Z","bundle_sha256":"3a86e0676df79534f6f88b89ef34e14cb7f7631657fd7c1587613ddd146569ec"}}