{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA","short_pith_number":"pith:5SCJSYN6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1112.4299","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.quant-gas","submitted_at":"2011-12-19T10:55:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"273198761f611f8d85b0330e1f754705cd5b3f7e80e3aacdc3796f9f1948be3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b4617ab15290838462e3ed2ae7c6d090d000541d8413f7194bffc226de5bc14"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ec849961be6ed6197f947d978f84a97027e01361bd0761011859c1ecdb1bd347","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1112.4299","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1112.4299","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1112.4299v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1112.4299","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5SCJSYN6N3LB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5SCJSYN6N3LBS74U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5SCJSYN6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1112.4299","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.quant-gas","submitted_at":"2011-12-19T10:55:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"273198761f611f8d85b0330e1f754705cd5b3f7e80e3aacdc3796f9f1948be3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b4617ab15290838462e3ed2ae7c6d090d000541d8413f7194bffc226de5bc14"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ec849961be6ed6197f947d978f84a97027e01361bd0761011859c1ecdb1bd347","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38.627450Z","signature_b64":"hbmTxufXOgeZmm5jSQFYpmMyRHO0k8oWYBwa7KQVV5LBcibghbhMY9PMC4kfQ5J3QSM69rGpX8J0Uq2vaDcPCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ec849961be6ed6197f947d978f84a97027e01361bd0761011859c1ecdb1bd347","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38.626667Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38.626667Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1112.4299","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"osmGvfp6mdesgeVKSVIil9b2y7mRutRcVwXo5vnmhI9110T4qdJYw+noknh2jSIw2+yEKEhx9yLos+egJLa1Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T16:01:15.654057Z"},"content_sha256":"722c1f4685432ae0303b24c3b29c0978653413daeae105b4013977a5d27b034b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:722c1f4685432ae0303b24c3b29c0978653413daeae105b4013977a5d27b034b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quantum Simulators at Negative Absolute Temperatures","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.quant-gas","authors_text":"Akos Rapp","submitted_at":"2011-12-19T10:55:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose that negative absolute temperatures in ultracold atomic clouds in optical lattices can be used to simulate quantum systems in new regions of phase diagrams. First we discuss how the attractive SU(3) Hubbard model in three dimensions can be realized using repulsively interacting 173-Yb atoms, then we consider how an antiferromagnetic S=1 spin chain could be simulated using spinor 87-Rb or 23-Na atoms. The general idea to achieve negative absolute temperatures is to reverse the sign of the external harmonic potential. Energy conservation in a deep optical lattice imposes a constraint "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1112.4299","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0Bzw4sDAbG819YTIs5qGLi4sQALYqMRpZBhweRyvCCqdZKAcBlbjbbnfNrnPLnQCRHti35KvLPq7EAa9dihJBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T16:01:15.655111Z"},"content_sha256":"c221401aab2b21dc6ca3a9d970420d906f7fea2ae9df34f49150a9bf1d5db09a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c221401aab2b21dc6ca3a9d970420d906f7fea2ae9df34f49150a9bf1d5db09a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-29T16:01:15Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:5SCJSYN6N3LBS74UPWLY7BFJOA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b4617ab15290838462e3ed2ae7c6d090d000541d8413f7194bffc226de5bc14","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.quant-gas","submitted_at":"2011-12-19T10:55:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"273198761f611f8d85b0330e1f754705cd5b3f7e80e3aacdc3796f9f1948be3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1112.4299","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1112.4299","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1112.4299v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1112.4299","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5SCJSYN6N3LB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5SCJSYN6N3LBS74U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5SCJSYN6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c221401aab2b21dc6ca3a9d970420d906f7fea2ae9df34f49150a9bf1d5db09a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose that negative absolute temperatures in ultracold atomic clouds in optical lattices can be used to simulate quantum systems in new regions of phase diagrams. First we discuss how the attractive SU(3) Hubbard model in three dimensions can be realized using repulsively interacting 173-Yb atoms, then we consider how an antiferromagnetic S=1 spin chain could be simulated using spinor 87-Rb or 23-Na atoms. The general idea to achieve negative absolute temperatures is to reverse the sign of the external harmonic potential. Energy conservation in a deep optical lattice imposes a constraint ","authors_text":"Akos Rapp","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.quant-gas","submitted_at":"2011-12-19T10:55:48Z","title":"Quantum Simulators at Negative Absolute Temperatures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1112.4299","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:722c1f4685432ae0303b24c3b29c0978653413daeae105b4013977a5d27b034b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b4617ab15290838462e3ed2ae7c6d090d000541d8413f7194bffc226de5bc14","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.quant-gas","submitted_at":"2011-12-19T10:55:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"273198761f611f8d85b0330e1f754705cd5b3f7e80e3aacdc3796f9f1948be3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1112.4299","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"ec849961be6ed6197f947d978f84a97027e01361bd0761011859c1ecdb1bd347","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ec849961be6ed6197f947d978f84a97027e01361bd0761011859c1ecdb1bd347","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38.626667Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38.626667Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hbmTxufXOgeZmm5jSQFYpmMyRHO0k8oWYBwa7KQVV5LBcibghbhMY9PMC4kfQ5J3QSM69rGpX8J0Uq2vaDcPCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:57:38.627450Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1112.4299","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:722c1f4685432ae0303b24c3b29c0978653413daeae105b4013977a5d27b034b","sha256:c221401aab2b21dc6ca3a9d970420d906f7fea2ae9df34f49150a9bf1d5db09a"],"state_sha256":"2fb6d1c7fee75a58a75167ccb237162f98e48fadb560c68d1f5f195aac4d008c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ei1cHPUeEBut/jxL4T4lJbycIW0CsinpdnecB48lBzuDy/khDYgoeSXyZdarebNdmTsU1O1Yra/3Lzv6/X/jDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T16:01:15.659204Z","bundle_sha256":"6dbf6c5ec11341f6825ff61292795fd4a1871ec6ffbdb15fdb73f959206de362"}}