{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB","short_pith_number":"pith:5YRNEZS2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1904.00714","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-04-01T12:02:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"4fbbee9d69d255f10f1a0e3cd5d52c51e4ea19593fc99b166994c2b15bdbc03f","abstract_canon_sha256":"e3936e423ee2bbd7b95f0226526a671bb661517e644770041bf38b9478fb3c36"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ee22d2665a511ffd7db17294eaf1da806c091562e50aa613fd934cfa1850d58b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1904.00714","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1904.00714","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1904.00714v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1904.00714","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5YRNEZS2KEP7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5YRNEZS2KEP727NR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5YRNEZS2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:10Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1904.00714","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-04-01T12:02:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"4fbbee9d69d255f10f1a0e3cd5d52c51e4ea19593fc99b166994c2b15bdbc03f","abstract_canon_sha256":"e3936e423ee2bbd7b95f0226526a671bb661517e644770041bf38b9478fb3c36"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ee22d2665a511ffd7db17294eaf1da806c091562e50aa613fd934cfa1850d58b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45.740623Z","signature_b64":"goi0FOrB0Bv8/emkl/VcQxrTyvRRdgj21eLWPWDdKp7s0CNoRP37S9fwPf+kChN0gqEcji/M4FdjJ7jUbSlCAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ee22d2665a511ffd7db17294eaf1da806c091562e50aa613fd934cfa1850d58b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45.740205Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45.740205Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1904.00714","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PhjFt4Q95DQg+E4vOJQ1uutoIAXdW7hgzxf2pvTg3tgktqSjhnfWGqfJa94lQkLDdImIlkn7an8gUkNsmJfCDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:24:55.186572Z"},"content_sha256":"bb34d34a2292315462a714562a46b09c8f1ed8794d2a53e096b7a3ca7f02586e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bb34d34a2292315462a714562a46b09c8f1ed8794d2a53e096b7a3ca7f02586e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Combining Crowd and Machines for Multi-predicate Item Screening","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.IR","authors_text":"Boualem Benatallah, Evgeny Krivosheev, Fabio Casati, Marcos Baez","submitted_at":"2019-04-01T12:02:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper discusses how crowd and machine classifiers can be efficiently combined to screen items that satisfy a set of predicates. We show that this is a recurring problem in many domains, present machine-human (hybrid) algorithms that screen items efficiently and estimate the gain over human-only or machine-only screening in terms of performance and cost. We further show how, given a new classification problem and a set of classifiers of unknown accuracy for the problem at hand, we can identify how to manage the cost-accuracy trade off by progressively determining if we should spend budget "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1904.00714","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Hg2D3a2DqynfhU4n0lS3lNTa3J5+OPlCGnFNMYBr6mEFvOvw8Nk+HqA6dyYTmvW2LEzE+gHuP6sCMyVZyNVRBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:24:55.187297Z"},"content_sha256":"06db69e4b6fe65f3faadb1043a67212f688e99aa8231b6fa5bba29d97231052e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:06db69e4b6fe65f3faadb1043a67212f688e99aa8231b6fa5bba29d97231052e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-19T11:24:55Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:5YRNEZS2KEP727NROKKOV4O2QB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e3936e423ee2bbd7b95f0226526a671bb661517e644770041bf38b9478fb3c36","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-04-01T12:02:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"4fbbee9d69d255f10f1a0e3cd5d52c51e4ea19593fc99b166994c2b15bdbc03f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1904.00714","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1904.00714","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1904.00714v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1904.00714","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5YRNEZS2KEP7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5YRNEZS2KEP727NR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5YRNEZS2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:10Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:06db69e4b6fe65f3faadb1043a67212f688e99aa8231b6fa5bba29d97231052e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper discusses how crowd and machine classifiers can be efficiently combined to screen items that satisfy a set of predicates. We show that this is a recurring problem in many domains, present machine-human (hybrid) algorithms that screen items efficiently and estimate the gain over human-only or machine-only screening in terms of performance and cost. We further show how, given a new classification problem and a set of classifiers of unknown accuracy for the problem at hand, we can identify how to manage the cost-accuracy trade off by progressively determining if we should spend budget ","authors_text":"Boualem Benatallah, Evgeny Krivosheev, Fabio Casati, Marcos Baez","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-04-01T12:02:55Z","title":"Combining Crowd and Machines for Multi-predicate Item Screening"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1904.00714","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bb34d34a2292315462a714562a46b09c8f1ed8794d2a53e096b7a3ca7f02586e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e3936e423ee2bbd7b95f0226526a671bb661517e644770041bf38b9478fb3c36","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2019-04-01T12:02:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"4fbbee9d69d255f10f1a0e3cd5d52c51e4ea19593fc99b166994c2b15bdbc03f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1904.00714","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ee22d2665a511ffd7db17294eaf1da806c091562e50aa613fd934cfa1850d58b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ee22d2665a511ffd7db17294eaf1da806c091562e50aa613fd934cfa1850d58b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45.740205Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45.740205Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"goi0FOrB0Bv8/emkl/VcQxrTyvRRdgj21eLWPWDdKp7s0CNoRP37S9fwPf+kChN0gqEcji/M4FdjJ7jUbSlCAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:45.740623Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1904.00714","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bb34d34a2292315462a714562a46b09c8f1ed8794d2a53e096b7a3ca7f02586e","sha256:06db69e4b6fe65f3faadb1043a67212f688e99aa8231b6fa5bba29d97231052e"],"state_sha256":"8369559a1eee44e0ccb1d8fc25efdb4518fd9f3733dd50ecc14ecfa67f97dfcf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2kSvUzJ7ABlc/2LqKnhd7GHBjiinZNDdCR0g4umyv+x9MZas56iN/kTSawUAyPsRY0uNYshQ9OtF2FUwcnk/Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:24:55.190686Z","bundle_sha256":"6999b9fc6f829cc3d76142fd6bc36de5a727bc01b486ee6da788d5738d49c444"}}