{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:5ZXMX3WHATNIMWLKCVFQUKP625","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"723d56a2ad21cc60a68e5ec7f74f3eeaf5d08951c2498b4170586f9100730337","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-09-13T08:33:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"ceb84931334b61e1f543e8ffd6a4e0214cdd65589583e6c930b10305389ef88d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.06794","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.06794","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.06794v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.06794","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5ZXMX3WHATNI","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5ZXMX3WHATNIMWLK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5ZXMX3WH","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4d129fd00c69ce051c489ba8353d5c47e02157b06d70bb2ad1e884472cc5aec0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.06794/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As large language models continue to develop in the field of AI, text generation systems are susceptible to a worrisome phenomenon known as hallucination. In this study, we summarize recent compelling insights into hallucinations in LLMs. We present a novel taxonomy of hallucinations from various text generation tasks, thus provide theoretical insights, detection methods and improvement approaches. Based on this, future research directions are proposed. Our contribution are threefold: (1) We provide a detailed and complete taxonomy for hallucinations appearing in text generation tasks; (2) We ","authors_text":"Aijia Zhang, Hongbin Ye, Tong Liu, Wei Hua, Weiqiang Jia","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-09-13T08:33:09Z","title":"Cognitive Mirage: A Review of Hallucinations in Large Language Models"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.06794","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e90762a2c21786ecad7b520871ab1d01a3763dea5e5f026b9b559a0fc609e10e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"723d56a2ad21cc60a68e5ec7f74f3eeaf5d08951c2498b4170586f9100730337","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-09-13T08:33:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"ceb84931334b61e1f543e8ffd6a4e0214cdd65589583e6c930b10305389ef88d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.06794","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ee6ecbeec704da86596a154b0a29fed755b845e37674c358f4a3ceedbe596756","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ee6ecbeec704da86596a154b0a29fed755b845e37674c358f4a3ceedbe596756","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22.556374Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22.556374Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"vfSad4l48OYcv4fA1aWxMmX+++bGJP48AQUTbBo9btgPnNxV6SWAfgTqEMiKGFxBN1lrCS+L3EPSWgQFLYHCDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:22.556829Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.06794","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e90762a2c21786ecad7b520871ab1d01a3763dea5e5f026b9b559a0fc609e10e","sha256:4d129fd00c69ce051c489ba8353d5c47e02157b06d70bb2ad1e884472cc5aec0"],"state_sha256":"d7db75add616e9b6d3c301e620c9a3c33d8e84cdf59a1530a287290a5efa590a"}