{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL","short_pith_number":"pith:63LAKJEW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2009.06799","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2020-09-15T00:18:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"52bc7fde7973c70e30caa01e39be9a4a43018c516f093000e59b884f13423536","abstract_canon_sha256":"c0e79116d0cbde1ce7119e9cd9cce6daecd1c25053f9adf5632e009f0e0fad6e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f6d6052496a86de1ac8d9f4b398f8b72fd4001f1c47f5657d8d04ad6c6e99829","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2009.06799","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2009.06799","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2009.06799v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2009.06799","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"63LAKJEWVBW6","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"63LAKJEWVBW6DLEN","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"63LAKJEW","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2009.06799","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2020-09-15T00:18:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"52bc7fde7973c70e30caa01e39be9a4a43018c516f093000e59b884f13423536","abstract_canon_sha256":"c0e79116d0cbde1ce7119e9cd9cce6daecd1c25053f9adf5632e009f0e0fad6e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f6d6052496a86de1ac8d9f4b398f8b72fd4001f1c47f5657d8d04ad6c6e99829","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13.081086Z","signature_b64":"MkXCSY4S9P5zWz0VT2YnBGu3E4+Ef5HEUW0E/fTDENwnBD7Qs8wzQ9wllWFFRozzhU+Zl49Zlpg0plKsCuDlDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f6d6052496a86de1ac8d9f4b398f8b72fd4001f1c47f5657d8d04ad6c6e99829","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13.080742Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13.080742Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2009.06799","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c2tglJTD9dOEuOf4OYHLf94kvJ4gQmAc0WHn5wkrhIxXPic5g2Nh7PFiL02z+DKuyGzs2LGprG3TqQEED3qiBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-18T04:52:16.149395Z"},"content_sha256":"e08b78f22f13c3dfa44f5f9c593ef82ceb0ae363a762881969b584cb1fa6bd69","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e08b78f22f13c3dfa44f5f9c593ef82ceb0ae363a762881969b584cb1fa6bd69"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Importance of Pessimism in Fixed-Dataset Policy Optimization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Carles Gelada, Jacob Buckman, Marc G. Bellemare","submitted_at":"2020-09-15T00:18:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study worst-case guarantees on the expected return of fixed-dataset policy optimization algorithms. Our core contribution is a unified conceptual and mathematical framework for the study of algorithms in this regime. This analysis reveals that for naive approaches, the possibility of erroneous value overestimation leads to a difficult-to-satisfy requirement: in order to guarantee that we select a policy which is near-optimal, we may need the dataset to be informative of the value of every policy. To avoid this, algorithms can follow the pessimism principle, which states that we should choos"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2009.06799","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2009.06799/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Z0ZFvELDS6g7z5AzKnJPqrwtQe2w8FDXoOBfW6oCaNApZafTgQX2ojOh+D/wWFTgS/BiXXODS5t2xHZMm1IVDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-18T04:52:16.149772Z"},"content_sha256":"a3ebdccb6ba29e7e44cbfa17835f006be27ff454e25152ff8017d1dcb51d9f84","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a3ebdccb6ba29e7e44cbfa17835f006be27ff454e25152ff8017d1dcb51d9f84"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-18T04:52:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:63LAKJEWVBW6DLENT5FTTD4LOL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c0e79116d0cbde1ce7119e9cd9cce6daecd1c25053f9adf5632e009f0e0fad6e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2020-09-15T00:18:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"52bc7fde7973c70e30caa01e39be9a4a43018c516f093000e59b884f13423536"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2009.06799","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2009.06799","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2009.06799v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2009.06799","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"63LAKJEWVBW6","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"63LAKJEWVBW6DLEN","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"63LAKJEW","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a3ebdccb6ba29e7e44cbfa17835f006be27ff454e25152ff8017d1dcb51d9f84","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2009.06799/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study worst-case guarantees on the expected return of fixed-dataset policy optimization algorithms. Our core contribution is a unified conceptual and mathematical framework for the study of algorithms in this regime. This analysis reveals that for naive approaches, the possibility of erroneous value overestimation leads to a difficult-to-satisfy requirement: in order to guarantee that we select a policy which is near-optimal, we may need the dataset to be informative of the value of every policy. To avoid this, algorithms can follow the pessimism principle, which states that we should choos","authors_text":"Carles Gelada, Jacob Buckman, Marc G. Bellemare","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2020-09-15T00:18:34Z","title":"The Importance of Pessimism in Fixed-Dataset Policy Optimization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2009.06799","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e08b78f22f13c3dfa44f5f9c593ef82ceb0ae363a762881969b584cb1fa6bd69","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c0e79116d0cbde1ce7119e9cd9cce6daecd1c25053f9adf5632e009f0e0fad6e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2020-09-15T00:18:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"52bc7fde7973c70e30caa01e39be9a4a43018c516f093000e59b884f13423536"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2009.06799","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"f6d6052496a86de1ac8d9f4b398f8b72fd4001f1c47f5657d8d04ad6c6e99829","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f6d6052496a86de1ac8d9f4b398f8b72fd4001f1c47f5657d8d04ad6c6e99829","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13.080742Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13.080742Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"MkXCSY4S9P5zWz0VT2YnBGu3E4+Ef5HEUW0E/fTDENwnBD7Qs8wzQ9wllWFFRozzhU+Zl49Zlpg0plKsCuDlDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:55:13.081086Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2009.06799","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e08b78f22f13c3dfa44f5f9c593ef82ceb0ae363a762881969b584cb1fa6bd69","sha256:a3ebdccb6ba29e7e44cbfa17835f006be27ff454e25152ff8017d1dcb51d9f84"],"state_sha256":"6828eb5bbf48c590973c4efc9ad78b3829d5181bfd9e2aeff5cc7865b14427e1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ubUAbVn9vW64wW8xhqRKq+3b5yIh6/EASzPq3cFxAsDMlS0EaprOtZkzkfPvdAhEuZDZPFCQ9Hg9WxE6eMhRBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-18T04:52:16.151948Z","bundle_sha256":"d39bc15ac9d346edf86f6abcdb263870d9c3eab8570ed0d0c08dfc6a08458579"}}