{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI","short_pith_number":"pith:64BJWFRK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.6540","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T20:12:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f93031ceb9877b2fe35ba8a7eebd9190d6048dbe743910712eddf7bf0b9a4f0","abstract_canon_sha256":"dd31bad3e88cf95894ac47c30828065c2e1bba620ba6971e3252d61d76ed3b3e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f7029b162acd4119733845875dec632a3ea9a9ffec7c099c572e3748d055d625","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1404.6540","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.6540","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.6540v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.6540","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"64BJWFRKZVAR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"64BJWFRKZVARS4ZY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"64BJWFRK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.6540","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T20:12:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f93031ceb9877b2fe35ba8a7eebd9190d6048dbe743910712eddf7bf0b9a4f0","abstract_canon_sha256":"dd31bad3e88cf95894ac47c30828065c2e1bba620ba6971e3252d61d76ed3b3e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f7029b162acd4119733845875dec632a3ea9a9ffec7c099c572e3748d055d625","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11.315731Z","signature_b64":"oaMPF+d1E6Dga7Fu1gZTNeLJqTV4IlgJ+EEcDQcX71V5ZeCx+e3Qi2+MFmsfIGi7IjUjU+gkNIuhylHpU4/aDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f7029b162acd4119733845875dec632a3ea9a9ffec7c099c572e3748d055d625","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11.315161Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11.315161Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1404.6540","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LXqo5OSSnLOCdrBmjiXtoWJJ2haaQ+cLsrV82EGMSj4o/F0dtDB0sKPAVGzHZ+r9bgYQ4UWo6O7T7/GipijUCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T21:03:51.872838Z"},"content_sha256":"b4c4093ce8163b89be43846b2d3886e31a42797ad26ee31fde9ef47047eb70ae","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4c4093ce8163b89be43846b2d3886e31a42797ad26ee31fde9ef47047eb70ae"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Evidence for a Massive, Extended Circumgalactic Medium Around the Andromeda Galaxy","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Bart Wakker, Chris Howk, Nicolas Lehner","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T20:12:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"We demonstrate the presence of an extended and massive circumgalactic medium (CGM) around Messier 31 using archival HST COS ultraviolet spectroscopy of 18 QSOs projected within two virial radii of M31 (Rvir=300 kpc). We detect absorption from SiIII at -300<vLSR}<-150 km/s toward all 3 sightlines at R<0.2Rvir, 3 of 4 sightlines at 0.8<R/Rvir<1.1, and possibly 1 of 11 at 1.1<R/Rvir<1.8. We present several arguments that the gas at these velocities observed in these directions originates from the CGM of M31 rather than the Local Group or Milky Way CGM or Magellanic Stream. We show that the dwarf "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.6540","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iGmslMUNRsCvmP2Hq6KYZtAVLQXl41Fz/1oxRPVVRueT3LQSRwWa7MWHF/lMly4LS91xfDakBuKCm6XsTI+/Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T21:03:51.873405Z"},"content_sha256":"df5468b6e41950bad34e171c6cd75cb7875004dbe7abc654cc3b074c791801d5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:df5468b6e41950bad34e171c6cd75cb7875004dbe7abc654cc3b074c791801d5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T21:03:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:64BJWFRKZVARS4ZYIWDV33DDFI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dd31bad3e88cf95894ac47c30828065c2e1bba620ba6971e3252d61d76ed3b3e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T20:12:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f93031ceb9877b2fe35ba8a7eebd9190d6048dbe743910712eddf7bf0b9a4f0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.6540","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.6540","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.6540v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.6540","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"64BJWFRKZVAR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"64BJWFRKZVARS4ZY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"64BJWFRK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:df5468b6e41950bad34e171c6cd75cb7875004dbe7abc654cc3b074c791801d5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We demonstrate the presence of an extended and massive circumgalactic medium (CGM) around Messier 31 using archival HST COS ultraviolet spectroscopy of 18 QSOs projected within two virial radii of M31 (Rvir=300 kpc). We detect absorption from SiIII at -300<vLSR}<-150 km/s toward all 3 sightlines at R<0.2Rvir, 3 of 4 sightlines at 0.8<R/Rvir<1.1, and possibly 1 of 11 at 1.1<R/Rvir<1.8. We present several arguments that the gas at these velocities observed in these directions originates from the CGM of M31 rather than the Local Group or Milky Way CGM or Magellanic Stream. We show that the dwarf ","authors_text":"Bart Wakker, Chris Howk, Nicolas Lehner","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T20:12:31Z","title":"Evidence for a Massive, Extended Circumgalactic Medium Around the Andromeda Galaxy"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.6540","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b4c4093ce8163b89be43846b2d3886e31a42797ad26ee31fde9ef47047eb70ae","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dd31bad3e88cf95894ac47c30828065c2e1bba620ba6971e3252d61d76ed3b3e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T20:12:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f93031ceb9877b2fe35ba8a7eebd9190d6048dbe743910712eddf7bf0b9a4f0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.6540","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f7029b162acd4119733845875dec632a3ea9a9ffec7c099c572e3748d055d625","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f7029b162acd4119733845875dec632a3ea9a9ffec7c099c572e3748d055d625","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11.315161Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11.315161Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"oaMPF+d1E6Dga7Fu1gZTNeLJqTV4IlgJ+EEcDQcX71V5ZeCx+e3Qi2+MFmsfIGi7IjUjU+gkNIuhylHpU4/aDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:11.315731Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1404.6540","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b4c4093ce8163b89be43846b2d3886e31a42797ad26ee31fde9ef47047eb70ae","sha256:df5468b6e41950bad34e171c6cd75cb7875004dbe7abc654cc3b074c791801d5"],"state_sha256":"1f890f59845cef18171665ee918497816f8405d9ef46590491a2e85cac55826b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xToX/vXmgIXadVq+6QcnbEZRsfjWNlZ/+Ke3L6b1Xeryk9XUAUAaQZex1bqwmNdk1846iYS4HvptxWGwP8tfDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T21:03:51.876474Z","bundle_sha256":"7f2a826ecc6d993ad719787ecfd648725c3f8e7315c6aedad62b1499eceea3eb"}}