{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3","short_pith_number":"pith:64J3OPNB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.06981","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-10-09T15:18:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"84f40a433b8c4e6a3a517e38d82a38d6fff5fc345c939ae8ca82de7081eee474","abstract_canon_sha256":"9d0611d37345f59dfa2d6c0e30a8afc0c6319d1536082559606171ec020f23bf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f713b73da1254a373f3046e58c25a21ec2b5f43538195b51ed49d64d750eebdd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2410.06981","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.06981","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.06981v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.06981","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"64J3OPNBEVFD","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"64J3OPNB","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.06981","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-10-09T15:18:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"84f40a433b8c4e6a3a517e38d82a38d6fff5fc345c939ae8ca82de7081eee474","abstract_canon_sha256":"9d0611d37345f59dfa2d6c0e30a8afc0c6319d1536082559606171ec020f23bf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f713b73da1254a373f3046e58c25a21ec2b5f43538195b51ed49d64d750eebdd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23.949550Z","signature_b64":"pGqZqG6c4rutSri98OCpYqaIr81Y7b99JdiHCVjM1esNhNqljsLfns4OOYMkSrjIxwypGv0g4u5ENSPsuwDBBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f713b73da1254a373f3046e58c25a21ec2b5f43538195b51ed49d64d750eebdd","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23.949039Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23.949039Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2410.06981","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a9mqrau5gK5yo25+vr1i1u4giTaL6TeatB90a8OxPHye2vgM++EYhRJ5QZw1T8gQmD5BMiD5APvkhGJR6wbgDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T14:12:36.295687Z"},"content_sha256":"29d6bdc1fede0e3dc46963c4f18e22e5572462699b4ca94c90a33ea1341347f7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:29d6bdc1fede0e3dc46963c4f18e22e5572462699b4ca94c90a33ea1341347f7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quantifying Feature Space Universality Across Large Language Models via Sparse Autoencoders","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Ashkan Khakzar, Austin Meek, David Krueger, Fazl Barez, Michael Lan, Philip Torr","submitted_at":"2024-10-09T15:18:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Universality Hypothesis in large language models (LLMs) claims that different models converge towards similar concept representations in their latent spaces. Providing evidence for this hypothesis would enable researchers to exploit universal properties, facilitating the generalization of mechanistic interpretability techniques across models. Previous works studied if LLMs learned the same features, which are internal representations that activate on specific concepts. Since comparing features across LLMs is challenging due to polysemanticity, in which LLM neurons often correspond to multi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.06981","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2410.06981/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ltY9xGFt7Fwc6spRF0vABPeONZ29zE+lmDjuzEJrLwloTu4RvYfyhohs/dLYtCsItTzBRyA+E13zWfVTNDujCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T14:12:36.296272Z"},"content_sha256":"0e8c259060c3d0a0cc2da346b016709a5c23b2e1ffb95b4ba02b97999d9999d7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0e8c259060c3d0a0cc2da346b016709a5c23b2e1ffb95b4ba02b97999d9999d7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T14:12:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQI3SYYJNCD3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9d0611d37345f59dfa2d6c0e30a8afc0c6319d1536082559606171ec020f23bf","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-10-09T15:18:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"84f40a433b8c4e6a3a517e38d82a38d6fff5fc345c939ae8ca82de7081eee474"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.06981","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.06981","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.06981v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.06981","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"64J3OPNBEVFD","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"64J3OPNBEVFDOPZQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"64J3OPNB","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0e8c259060c3d0a0cc2da346b016709a5c23b2e1ffb95b4ba02b97999d9999d7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2410.06981/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Universality Hypothesis in large language models (LLMs) claims that different models converge towards similar concept representations in their latent spaces. Providing evidence for this hypothesis would enable researchers to exploit universal properties, facilitating the generalization of mechanistic interpretability techniques across models. Previous works studied if LLMs learned the same features, which are internal representations that activate on specific concepts. Since comparing features across LLMs is challenging due to polysemanticity, in which LLM neurons often correspond to multi","authors_text":"Ashkan Khakzar, Austin Meek, David Krueger, Fazl Barez, Michael Lan, Philip Torr","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-10-09T15:18:57Z","title":"Quantifying Feature Space Universality Across Large Language Models via Sparse Autoencoders"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.06981","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:29d6bdc1fede0e3dc46963c4f18e22e5572462699b4ca94c90a33ea1341347f7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9d0611d37345f59dfa2d6c0e30a8afc0c6319d1536082559606171ec020f23bf","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-10-09T15:18:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"84f40a433b8c4e6a3a517e38d82a38d6fff5fc345c939ae8ca82de7081eee474"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.06981","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"f713b73da1254a373f3046e58c25a21ec2b5f43538195b51ed49d64d750eebdd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f713b73da1254a373f3046e58c25a21ec2b5f43538195b51ed49d64d750eebdd","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23.949039Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23.949039Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pGqZqG6c4rutSri98OCpYqaIr81Y7b99JdiHCVjM1esNhNqljsLfns4OOYMkSrjIxwypGv0g4u5ENSPsuwDBBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:06:23.949550Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2410.06981","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:29d6bdc1fede0e3dc46963c4f18e22e5572462699b4ca94c90a33ea1341347f7","sha256:0e8c259060c3d0a0cc2da346b016709a5c23b2e1ffb95b4ba02b97999d9999d7"],"state_sha256":"3db04b2526cdf21a14e805aed7430796c5c6c268e32412076825fdb1cb50e09d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jlP+zBiAQacrqPOQHi2PTRhFC+//eExrJhemufwkQ4rAViwtqsA8T9M6Sbdzp+31/P2jLssOvek1Jc89Top9Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T14:12:36.300276Z","bundle_sha256":"43e55e122e56cb2f73ce2ccba2a816e696d58953c783c408d82ae7a4155819c3"}}