{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73","short_pith_number":"pith:64RTIIKS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.17887","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-26T17:20:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"b2dccd928376da48da2ac31aed1fde3b73a643048bbc49b61c5e3478e65c9fd6","abstract_canon_sha256":"d9a6487532f887a1ee439b3120d276572168f471eab974789443bc247f849e02"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f723342152c27c2c45b0be56d5fe69fee84ef3d6443cab97931902a915612a45","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.17887","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.17887","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.17887v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.17887","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"64RTIIKSYJ6C","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"64RTIIKS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.17887","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-26T17:20:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"b2dccd928376da48da2ac31aed1fde3b73a643048bbc49b61c5e3478e65c9fd6","abstract_canon_sha256":"d9a6487532f887a1ee439b3120d276572168f471eab974789443bc247f849e02"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f723342152c27c2c45b0be56d5fe69fee84ef3d6443cab97931902a915612a45","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.128356Z","signature_b64":"nfW034rxymD1UViFJBERHwh99/zkrcE86vJalB34lDCxbsegXBuSObR920PkS/VaVw/wwq8j5k8JO7MHLxhTDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f723342152c27c2c45b0be56d5fe69fee84ef3d6443cab97931902a915612a45","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.127577Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.127577Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.17887","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OGi6ZGFAnmEa6YVkC7F0cs97rbD5Gci33jD7nMORs/R5NyZeMxJDkW1tQw+y7uDYmqJZfTj1k58/mN1Bkv1kDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:45:48.757647Z"},"content_sha256":"f8d77b3beffaab58608050a2f8717e3ce953b2b3d0b77949beec12068a1375fd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f8d77b3beffaab58608050a2f8717e3ce953b2b3d0b77949beec12068a1375fd"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Unreasonable Ineffectiveness of the Deeper Layers","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Andrey Gromov, Daniel A. Roberts, Hassan Shapourian, Kushal Tirumala, Paolo Glorioso","submitted_at":"2024-03-26T17:20:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"How is knowledge stored in an LLM's weights? We study this via layer pruning: if removing a certain layer does not affect model performance in common question-answering benchmarks, then the weights in that layer are not necessary for storing the knowledge needed to answer those questions. To find these unnecessary parameters, we identify the optimal block of layers to prune by considering similarity across layers; then, to \"heal\" the damage, we perform a small amount of finetuning. Surprisingly, with this method we find minimal degradation of performance until after a large fraction (up to hal"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.17887","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.17887/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wg7DQ2hD4Tri4pZOn4bpk71aPskqg2jmZZSs0wFbqf2m3AbHQ9VHZJZQjXbYS//cAmIHA0IiQRYaqg50h+GBCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:45:48.758018Z"},"content_sha256":"b754dab6e608d0b990488bd31d3c8a46ea80d7c14680c11704d5926e8f13973f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b754dab6e608d0b990488bd31d3c8a46ea80d7c14680c11704d5926e8f13973f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T18:45:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQXZLNL7TJ73","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d9a6487532f887a1ee439b3120d276572168f471eab974789443bc247f849e02","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-26T17:20:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"b2dccd928376da48da2ac31aed1fde3b73a643048bbc49b61c5e3478e65c9fd6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.17887","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.17887","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.17887v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.17887","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"64RTIIKSYJ6C","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"64RTIIKSYJ6CYRNQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"64RTIIKS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b754dab6e608d0b990488bd31d3c8a46ea80d7c14680c11704d5926e8f13973f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.17887/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"How is knowledge stored in an LLM's weights? We study this via layer pruning: if removing a certain layer does not affect model performance in common question-answering benchmarks, then the weights in that layer are not necessary for storing the knowledge needed to answer those questions. To find these unnecessary parameters, we identify the optimal block of layers to prune by considering similarity across layers; then, to \"heal\" the damage, we perform a small amount of finetuning. Surprisingly, with this method we find minimal degradation of performance until after a large fraction (up to hal","authors_text":"Andrey Gromov, Daniel A. Roberts, Hassan Shapourian, Kushal Tirumala, Paolo Glorioso","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-26T17:20:04Z","title":"The Unreasonable Ineffectiveness of the Deeper Layers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.17887","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f8d77b3beffaab58608050a2f8717e3ce953b2b3d0b77949beec12068a1375fd","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d9a6487532f887a1ee439b3120d276572168f471eab974789443bc247f849e02","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-26T17:20:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"b2dccd928376da48da2ac31aed1fde3b73a643048bbc49b61c5e3478e65c9fd6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.17887","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f723342152c27c2c45b0be56d5fe69fee84ef3d6443cab97931902a915612a45","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f723342152c27c2c45b0be56d5fe69fee84ef3d6443cab97931902a915612a45","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.127577Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.127577Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nfW034rxymD1UViFJBERHwh99/zkrcE86vJalB34lDCxbsegXBuSObR920PkS/VaVw/wwq8j5k8JO7MHLxhTDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:22:45.128356Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.17887","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f8d77b3beffaab58608050a2f8717e3ce953b2b3d0b77949beec12068a1375fd","sha256:b754dab6e608d0b990488bd31d3c8a46ea80d7c14680c11704d5926e8f13973f"],"state_sha256":"8ed2e131bd8ebf23b5f46f3bba78e1d41bcde27b8630eed78be920e82bf125c1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2Fbfm5sKi6yJWELUSyKJcGhpW+4IPM4MvxDqsXf0hn053Yhpo7OSjcThxFGnwKhPM/VFr8gElCZ4sKqN5cpDBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T18:45:48.759933Z","bundle_sha256":"c04c484c652a4fbecb99e405e2d3de6d4e5ff0276c926dc47fc6abd306a87e01"}}