{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE","short_pith_number":"pith:65HKQFSX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0508174","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-08-08T16:42:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"080c4bb4d134d5499dddc511306ae01be2c586639717ac85808c04700c68ae51","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d095835032053660377da397dbae2fd4ff474e1c507b071894c27bc1dccd0df"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f74ea81657a786f79815ee8ddc4848111b349747c4b6a91176cd2353cdcbcb6e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0508174","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0508174","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0508174v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0508174","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"65HKQFSXU6DP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"65HKQFSX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0508174","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-08-08T16:42:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"080c4bb4d134d5499dddc511306ae01be2c586639717ac85808c04700c68ae51","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d095835032053660377da397dbae2fd4ff474e1c507b071894c27bc1dccd0df"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f74ea81657a786f79815ee8ddc4848111b349747c4b6a91176cd2353cdcbcb6e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29.782720Z","signature_b64":"1vUXHHyGwmk5LVCLHh44+tToZ1WalrUJhK8yVmupcEsw5xRK8YxIaCcxMCiTV9uQSRgOnoMToqpdhUBPQ70jAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f74ea81657a786f79815ee8ddc4848111b349747c4b6a91176cd2353cdcbcb6e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29.782197Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29.782197Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0508174","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UxgZuytAfyvpV1Ajsqbr6gdazdgWnDx/rcQBOZP53yCLEDwZW1kkwHZhrUKGyRza/ntfo7t3rRJJH/qRoIQpDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T21:16:22.861389Z"},"content_sha256":"59e7b6b8bd740bc93571727f12dc729d6bd2294d6f821eae1db82872b31e65cf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:59e7b6b8bd740bc93571727f12dc729d6bd2294d6f821eae1db82872b31e65cf"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Cosmic Near Infrared Background: Remnant Light from Early Stars","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Eiichiro Komatsu, Elizabeth Fernandez","submitted_at":"2005-08-08T16:42:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"The redshifted ultraviolet light from early stars at z ~ 10 contributes to the cosmic near infrared background. We present detailed calculations of its spectrum with various assumptions about metallicity and mass spectrum of early stars. We show that if the near infrared background has a stellar origin, metal-free stars are not the only explanation of the excess near infrared background; stars with metals (e.g. Z=1/50 Z_sun) can produce the same amount of background intensity as the metal-free stars. We quantitatively show that the predicted average intensity at 1-2 microns is essentially dete"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0508174","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"g4FG6Ic7SbUsQYU/0xOXJwitZivvPJy4iSwF8rz2VU6EbM2A6iUJX271sS8oZesDkDKEuqmMbhr6dZ2oOe/8Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T21:16:22.861747Z"},"content_sha256":"f4a1555665984a6872d492876a58663757fd3dd3e36a6dd3be627ea4e307a44f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f4a1555665984a6872d492876a58663757fd3dd3e36a6dd3be627ea4e307a44f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T21:16:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV52G5YSCICE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d095835032053660377da397dbae2fd4ff474e1c507b071894c27bc1dccd0df","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-08-08T16:42:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"080c4bb4d134d5499dddc511306ae01be2c586639717ac85808c04700c68ae51"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0508174","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0508174","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0508174v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0508174","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"65HKQFSXU6DP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"65HKQFSXU6DPPGAV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"65HKQFSX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f4a1555665984a6872d492876a58663757fd3dd3e36a6dd3be627ea4e307a44f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The redshifted ultraviolet light from early stars at z ~ 10 contributes to the cosmic near infrared background. We present detailed calculations of its spectrum with various assumptions about metallicity and mass spectrum of early stars. We show that if the near infrared background has a stellar origin, metal-free stars are not the only explanation of the excess near infrared background; stars with metals (e.g. Z=1/50 Z_sun) can produce the same amount of background intensity as the metal-free stars. We quantitatively show that the predicted average intensity at 1-2 microns is essentially dete","authors_text":"Eiichiro Komatsu, Elizabeth Fernandez","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-08-08T16:42:15Z","title":"The Cosmic Near Infrared Background: Remnant Light from Early Stars"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0508174","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:59e7b6b8bd740bc93571727f12dc729d6bd2294d6f821eae1db82872b31e65cf","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d095835032053660377da397dbae2fd4ff474e1c507b071894c27bc1dccd0df","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-08-08T16:42:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"080c4bb4d134d5499dddc511306ae01be2c586639717ac85808c04700c68ae51"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0508174","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"f74ea81657a786f79815ee8ddc4848111b349747c4b6a91176cd2353cdcbcb6e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f74ea81657a786f79815ee8ddc4848111b349747c4b6a91176cd2353cdcbcb6e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29.782197Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29.782197Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1vUXHHyGwmk5LVCLHh44+tToZ1WalrUJhK8yVmupcEsw5xRK8YxIaCcxMCiTV9uQSRgOnoMToqpdhUBPQ70jAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:29.782720Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0508174","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:59e7b6b8bd740bc93571727f12dc729d6bd2294d6f821eae1db82872b31e65cf","sha256:f4a1555665984a6872d492876a58663757fd3dd3e36a6dd3be627ea4e307a44f"],"state_sha256":"18b9b1554c0c01c3ed179f224327e196d480ead56a99ec259fd3f478e46849f4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lgdXTExqj6jWexe8ImMpQenX+vgjbBiBeZJ9OKbAldhjucCEj8RID+rjjQ+t+gSd5KjipovaUiR1YDCybg9VCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T21:16:22.863636Z","bundle_sha256":"c3e662874f4c16d572bfc7d765d7aff0e9b4cb560da8b1fe38d8a07219dde76c"}}