{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F","short_pith_number":"pith:66334PI2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1108.4918","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2011-08-24T19:41:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS","nlin.CD"],"title_canon_sha256":"7caa1df2bc0fc7b6fd566b33948223ca18a29ec5937d182196a306c7bc90ab4c","abstract_canon_sha256":"942b5e86aa7c2c85177389ceda1332edddc0608fd6900f81647a8a0883c9d8b8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f7b7be3d1a08ab283a0246f46c9737d16ce3f94fc9c1cc9be195685824f6aa19","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1108.4918","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1108.4918","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1108.4918v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1108.4918","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"66334PI2BCVS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"66334PI2BCVSQOQC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"66334PI2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1108.4918","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2011-08-24T19:41:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS","nlin.CD"],"title_canon_sha256":"7caa1df2bc0fc7b6fd566b33948223ca18a29ec5937d182196a306c7bc90ab4c","abstract_canon_sha256":"942b5e86aa7c2c85177389ceda1332edddc0608fd6900f81647a8a0883c9d8b8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f7b7be3d1a08ab283a0246f46c9737d16ce3f94fc9c1cc9be195685824f6aa19","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25.499003Z","signature_b64":"wfkCHl8zk6687nki7JBpNdrqFjk4xBJVSjmnfVOKPer3XaAIZ3f21jlE0Ev6i/fVhwezr3F8vOP0IjOqu2WwDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f7b7be3d1a08ab283a0246f46c9737d16ce3f94fc9c1cc9be195685824f6aa19","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25.498367Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25.498367Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1108.4918","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sb6Sdt0tT6JqWZhSuh+9uJuXb3euABY1EWifdsJGZgP+e+fnoeq3OjB/dXMNlbUVfQX/hAJJIcyZX3/G3YJ9DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T10:45:31.170573Z"},"content_sha256":"424aba2c7094576faed33590a92d5f6d02abdc1b38bd89e63d69390112adae8b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:424aba2c7094576faed33590a92d5f6d02abdc1b38bd89e63d69390112adae8b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ensemble Dynamics and Bred Vectors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.DS","nlin.CD"],"primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","authors_text":"Anna L. Mazzucato, George R. Sell, Juan M. Restrepo, Nusret Balci","submitted_at":"2011-08-24T19:41:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"We introduce the new concept of an EBV to assess the sensitivity of model outputs to changes in initial conditions for weather forecasting. The new algorithm, which we call the \"Ensemble Bred Vector\" or EBV, is based on collective dynamics in essential ways. By construction, the EBV algorithm produces one or more dominant vectors.\n  We investigate the performance of EBV, comparing it to the BV algorithm as well as the finite-time Lyapunov Vectors. We give a theoretical justification to the observed fact that the vectors produced by BV, EBV, and the finite-time Lyapunov vectors are similar for "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1108.4918","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UaiEq3JUaQ9PI5VFswrieKrpdrr/y/0XQjTdIq8//OohBVQrtS3Ju/G67pjVTuxU/lNmZeS2A03fi/uld/hBCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T10:45:31.170930Z"},"content_sha256":"9bcf867c19b36972c22e63712e3fed646e048d2a28877810060865711d174f23","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9bcf867c19b36972c22e63712e3fed646e048d2a28877810060865711d174f23"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T10:45:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:66334PI2BCVSQOQCI32GZFZX2F","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"942b5e86aa7c2c85177389ceda1332edddc0608fd6900f81647a8a0883c9d8b8","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS","nlin.CD"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2011-08-24T19:41:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"7caa1df2bc0fc7b6fd566b33948223ca18a29ec5937d182196a306c7bc90ab4c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1108.4918","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1108.4918","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1108.4918v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1108.4918","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"66334PI2BCVS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"66334PI2BCVSQOQC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"66334PI2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9bcf867c19b36972c22e63712e3fed646e048d2a28877810060865711d174f23","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We introduce the new concept of an EBV to assess the sensitivity of model outputs to changes in initial conditions for weather forecasting. The new algorithm, which we call the \"Ensemble Bred Vector\" or EBV, is based on collective dynamics in essential ways. By construction, the EBV algorithm produces one or more dominant vectors.\n  We investigate the performance of EBV, comparing it to the BV algorithm as well as the finite-time Lyapunov Vectors. We give a theoretical justification to the observed fact that the vectors produced by BV, EBV, and the finite-time Lyapunov vectors are similar for ","authors_text":"Anna L. Mazzucato, George R. Sell, Juan M. Restrepo, Nusret Balci","cross_cats":["math.DS","nlin.CD"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2011-08-24T19:41:03Z","title":"Ensemble Dynamics and Bred Vectors"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1108.4918","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:424aba2c7094576faed33590a92d5f6d02abdc1b38bd89e63d69390112adae8b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"942b5e86aa7c2c85177389ceda1332edddc0608fd6900f81647a8a0883c9d8b8","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS","nlin.CD"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ao-ph","submitted_at":"2011-08-24T19:41:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"7caa1df2bc0fc7b6fd566b33948223ca18a29ec5937d182196a306c7bc90ab4c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1108.4918","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f7b7be3d1a08ab283a0246f46c9737d16ce3f94fc9c1cc9be195685824f6aa19","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f7b7be3d1a08ab283a0246f46c9737d16ce3f94fc9c1cc9be195685824f6aa19","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25.498367Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25.498367Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wfkCHl8zk6687nki7JBpNdrqFjk4xBJVSjmnfVOKPer3XaAIZ3f21jlE0Ev6i/fVhwezr3F8vOP0IjOqu2WwDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:25.499003Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1108.4918","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:424aba2c7094576faed33590a92d5f6d02abdc1b38bd89e63d69390112adae8b","sha256:9bcf867c19b36972c22e63712e3fed646e048d2a28877810060865711d174f23"],"state_sha256":"2f2ec9304c3f8e92078459884dde9278387b07f79631c17d53ac6e8bc6bc427a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"67dOqSoPqkSETYX8UzSlc7/JyfeCPGILPtA4TBqA6V1sNGDlzmCKzRXnJrcHHYGMI8nFD3hYbNa8zfaS5RbUDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T10:45:31.172894Z","bundle_sha256":"3c22924818ba352500afd0a89eee41ca9fb8aaf7b4277365b78ca7685ce9d12b"}}