{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO","short_pith_number":"pith:6ADFGTFR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.08359","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-11-17T01:26:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con","quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"b067d8f6c87fea6d1eb93537baf3b8ae27c52e4f01ce91672959a3f8dc5924b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"9c74cd3fbd219f4fb609a9fe3b476f4f4c69cae2b0767bf1369c161538e36e01"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f006534cb1aad3a29733618fff757f2b89ccc18c4c2dbb16d514d09d701b4e92","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2011.08359","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.08359","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.08359v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.08359","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6ADFGTFRVLJ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZT","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6ADFGTFR","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.08359","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-11-17T01:26:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con","quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"b067d8f6c87fea6d1eb93537baf3b8ae27c52e4f01ce91672959a3f8dc5924b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"9c74cd3fbd219f4fb609a9fe3b476f4f4c69cae2b0767bf1369c161538e36e01"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f006534cb1aad3a29733618fff757f2b89ccc18c4c2dbb16d514d09d701b4e92","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04.550415Z","signature_b64":"hI3c36XYz2B98H2c94aXphPRhUtduPW782Cm1Sptu8PuINacKSwtrcf8RE2aSpSnkQaBk8aJ9PA+037kaD2ABA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f006534cb1aad3a29733618fff757f2b89ccc18c4c2dbb16d514d09d701b4e92","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04.550068Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04.550068Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2011.08359","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZvpJEU/C+y+U6oVCOT9QelKY1ROgmU7QV2nEc4GsPQ952Dy243AWKdhOBN0svH7YXPYkSzEHzsjkXQaUCdY4Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T09:12:36.320978Z"},"content_sha256":"f3ff288e39e941741b4cc8f823e7248ee24b9e34a7ffeadee49309868dc1c5f5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f3ff288e39e941741b4cc8f823e7248ee24b9e34a7ffeadee49309868dc1c5f5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Characterization of the Chemical and Electrical Properties of Defects at the Niobium-Silicon Interface","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.supr-con","quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Brian Wagner, Bryan Ibarra Mercado, Cameron Kopas, Christopher Gregory, Daniel R. Queen, Madhu Krishna Murthy, Nathan Newman","submitted_at":"2020-11-17T01:26:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"The nature and concentration of defects near niobium-silicon interfaces prepared with different silicon surface treatments were characterized using current-voltage (I-V), deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). All samples have H, C, O, F, and Cl chemical contamination in the Si within 50 nm of the interface and electrically active defects with activation energies of 0.147, 0.247, 0.339, and 0.556 eV above the valence band maximum (E$_{vbm}$). In all cases, the deep level defect concentration is dominated by the hole trap at E$_{vbm}$ + 0.556eV, wh"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.08359","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2011.08359/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"r0IhepsNSuOe0YQB0GrJcBhxO+rcr1Nad2ltNAEkuaa3/lI3NICCd5AURq2ZOWzfIHBc3Ce48t8lmLu0H3CGAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T09:12:36.321512Z"},"content_sha256":"0042a45eb88d2ad281cccf658ab403dd523ca1d80c1348c4afdd86d6c2fd06ef","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0042a45eb88d2ad281cccf658ab403dd523ca1d80c1348c4afdd86d6c2fd06ef"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-20T09:12:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZTMGH765L7FO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9c74cd3fbd219f4fb609a9fe3b476f4f4c69cae2b0767bf1369c161538e36e01","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con","quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-11-17T01:26:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"b067d8f6c87fea6d1eb93537baf3b8ae27c52e4f01ce91672959a3f8dc5924b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.08359","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.08359","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.08359v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.08359","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6ADFGTFRVLJ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6ADFGTFRVLJ2FFZT","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6ADFGTFR","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0042a45eb88d2ad281cccf658ab403dd523ca1d80c1348c4afdd86d6c2fd06ef","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2011.08359/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The nature and concentration of defects near niobium-silicon interfaces prepared with different silicon surface treatments were characterized using current-voltage (I-V), deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). All samples have H, C, O, F, and Cl chemical contamination in the Si within 50 nm of the interface and electrically active defects with activation energies of 0.147, 0.247, 0.339, and 0.556 eV above the valence band maximum (E$_{vbm}$). In all cases, the deep level defect concentration is dominated by the hole trap at E$_{vbm}$ + 0.556eV, wh","authors_text":"Brian Wagner, Bryan Ibarra Mercado, Cameron Kopas, Christopher Gregory, Daniel R. Queen, Madhu Krishna Murthy, Nathan Newman","cross_cats":["cond-mat.supr-con","quant-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-11-17T01:26:32Z","title":"Characterization of the Chemical and Electrical Properties of Defects at the Niobium-Silicon Interface"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.08359","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f3ff288e39e941741b4cc8f823e7248ee24b9e34a7ffeadee49309868dc1c5f5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9c74cd3fbd219f4fb609a9fe3b476f4f4c69cae2b0767bf1369c161538e36e01","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con","quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-11-17T01:26:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"b067d8f6c87fea6d1eb93537baf3b8ae27c52e4f01ce91672959a3f8dc5924b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.08359","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f006534cb1aad3a29733618fff757f2b89ccc18c4c2dbb16d514d09d701b4e92","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f006534cb1aad3a29733618fff757f2b89ccc18c4c2dbb16d514d09d701b4e92","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04.550068Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04.550068Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hI3c36XYz2B98H2c94aXphPRhUtduPW782Cm1Sptu8PuINacKSwtrcf8RE2aSpSnkQaBk8aJ9PA+037kaD2ABA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:52:04.550415Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2011.08359","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f3ff288e39e941741b4cc8f823e7248ee24b9e34a7ffeadee49309868dc1c5f5","sha256:0042a45eb88d2ad281cccf658ab403dd523ca1d80c1348c4afdd86d6c2fd06ef"],"state_sha256":"8c82b223920dde353cae243159b0cdd39ed0a9d9c032aaceb88a834132469afa"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iwd+HmqbSj1U7PW/Oka3NTzqYr/xpYdFcFwboDOOzSQq9/ilpesHRAetwi5WmVDDwwYD/f5ipSRtqRmswCbMBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-20T09:12:36.327126Z","bundle_sha256":"0590cdde999fa2890426613bb6a963d5284887ef99e1fa3393169b15a3521208"}}