{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ","short_pith_number":"pith:6BKRHHIE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.00003","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2025-01-03T12:07:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"ab946a3fde7d04a76e8e30e8f862e6452c033f2e564ad5ab95f0af6b3a9954e8","abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca39e59d3c28e48c9648bdc0ed398bfec3754f62fbedb560b3ab94820ff5221"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f055139d04843a05ba02abd3c760938e50a45ac8f66c40707e5b351033945c70","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2502.00003","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.00003","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.00003v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.00003","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6BKRHHIEQQ5A","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQC","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6BKRHHIE","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.00003","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2025-01-03T12:07:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"ab946a3fde7d04a76e8e30e8f862e6452c033f2e564ad5ab95f0af6b3a9954e8","abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca39e59d3c28e48c9648bdc0ed398bfec3754f62fbedb560b3ab94820ff5221"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f055139d04843a05ba02abd3c760938e50a45ac8f66c40707e5b351033945c70","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01.539965Z","signature_b64":"tDJvbBoCgKtGkOQ00yGBYZrQBp6rGMfnnNoKb9x5DXPdwFzX1R9pt7yp4UhUCLN8MXipyrsQPARIYg/fUCh6AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f055139d04843a05ba02abd3c760938e50a45ac8f66c40707e5b351033945c70","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01.539380Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01.539380Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2502.00003","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zDjEQWWTgAoOKOu5vh21jOW/zxmVvNesvrA7/HLVf17FAnctZonCYZh0pSZSL6Gi53NtxFP1fcUtpd9eB0buBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T15:51:33.657317Z"},"content_sha256":"b4f6a8c75c54d7a119f2c1f418243d7216829c3a730a18e3c7c8b7e0e092b135","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4f6a8c75c54d7a119f2c1f418243d7216829c3a730a18e3c7c8b7e0e092b135"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Defending Compute Thresholds Against Legal Loopholes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CY","authors_text":"Matteo Pistillo, Pablo Villalobos","submitted_at":"2025-01-03T12:07:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Existing legal frameworks on AI rely on training compute thresholds as a proxy to identify potentially-dangerous AI models and trigger increased regulatory attention. In the United States, Section 4.2(a) of Executive Order 14110 instructs the Secretary of Commerce to require extensive reporting from developers of AI models above a certain training compute threshold. In the European Union, Article 51 of the AI Act establishes a presumption that AI models above a certain compute threshold have high impact capabilities and hence pose systemic risk, thus subjecting their developers to several obli"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.00003","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2502.00003/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8hQrly3Xe4sxIBDzajIdcpMKD3slb4zcqdCpQhSVWuRCwjj8zM8fVvKvCXX2yVavdAtD/a+uzExwPRavgf9xCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T15:51:33.658392Z"},"content_sha256":"3a4222a733febba5fb48add2a24ff00c0e813e9ed17208638d36d72e2d6af7f0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3a4222a733febba5fb48add2a24ff00c0e813e9ed17208638d36d72e2d6af7f0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T15:51:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQCVPJ4OYETRZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca39e59d3c28e48c9648bdc0ed398bfec3754f62fbedb560b3ab94820ff5221","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2025-01-03T12:07:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"ab946a3fde7d04a76e8e30e8f862e6452c033f2e564ad5ab95f0af6b3a9954e8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.00003","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.00003","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.00003v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.00003","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6BKRHHIEQQ5A","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6BKRHHIEQQ5ALOQC","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6BKRHHIE","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3a4222a733febba5fb48add2a24ff00c0e813e9ed17208638d36d72e2d6af7f0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2502.00003/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Existing legal frameworks on AI rely on training compute thresholds as a proxy to identify potentially-dangerous AI models and trigger increased regulatory attention. In the United States, Section 4.2(a) of Executive Order 14110 instructs the Secretary of Commerce to require extensive reporting from developers of AI models above a certain training compute threshold. In the European Union, Article 51 of the AI Act establishes a presumption that AI models above a certain compute threshold have high impact capabilities and hence pose systemic risk, thus subjecting their developers to several obli","authors_text":"Matteo Pistillo, Pablo Villalobos","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2025-01-03T12:07:21Z","title":"Defending Compute Thresholds Against Legal Loopholes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.00003","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b4f6a8c75c54d7a119f2c1f418243d7216829c3a730a18e3c7c8b7e0e092b135","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3ca39e59d3c28e48c9648bdc0ed398bfec3754f62fbedb560b3ab94820ff5221","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2025-01-03T12:07:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"ab946a3fde7d04a76e8e30e8f862e6452c033f2e564ad5ab95f0af6b3a9954e8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.00003","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f055139d04843a05ba02abd3c760938e50a45ac8f66c40707e5b351033945c70","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f055139d04843a05ba02abd3c760938e50a45ac8f66c40707e5b351033945c70","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01.539380Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01.539380Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tDJvbBoCgKtGkOQ00yGBYZrQBp6rGMfnnNoKb9x5DXPdwFzX1R9pt7yp4UhUCLN8MXipyrsQPARIYg/fUCh6AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:08:01.539965Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2502.00003","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b4f6a8c75c54d7a119f2c1f418243d7216829c3a730a18e3c7c8b7e0e092b135","sha256:3a4222a733febba5fb48add2a24ff00c0e813e9ed17208638d36d72e2d6af7f0"],"state_sha256":"daeff37f30dee9d7ad7264c3e5af9ece73514728274cc3c43397ebe5e6b165dc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DVpbh/xaEmkJgcvlNQf1JP3uXtfjt/047KEotM+j+QV18LkobhMIR3ZzrvRsMucXZf3xtTV0C6G5EaYzU5eACA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T15:51:33.666045Z","bundle_sha256":"9a919bd8ea5ee4445d199fe0ca46d907e1db9110b510a7e1223b35cc66ba9771"}}