{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:6D7VMLSIB2HUFN37RDYP4BSKUS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0eb4364f962d2e9120115f7c3ffda44e5ca979a3ca6c3a25ffcdf04c7f68ef6b","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2026-05-13T02:36:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3e31cd53b7a99764c62627f56903e11e30799eaa5ff3ffab6c23ef2e8150230"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.12910","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.12910","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.12910v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.12910","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6D7VMLSIB2HU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6D7VMLSIB2HUFN37","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6D7VMLSI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:25f09e5b278db60021ffed65d8c08cd968f4537cdab6ab0c107593091da62e61","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C1","kind":"strongest_claim","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Unlike conventional spatially discrete arrays (SPDAs), CAPAs are more naturally modeled as spatially continuous electromagnetic apertures and therefore call for a fundamental shift in both signal processing and information-theoretic analysis."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C2","kind":"weakest_assumption","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","text":"That continuous-aperture models based on Maxwell's equations will yield practical advantages in analysis, hardware implementation, and performance over discrete array approximations for real-world channels and systems."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C3","kind":"one_line_summary","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Tutorial overview of electromagnetic signal and information theory for continuous-aperture array wireless systems, emphasizing the shift from discrete to continuous models."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C4","kind":"headline","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Continuous-aperture arrays must be modeled as continuous electromagnetic fields governed by Maxwell's equations rather than as discrete antenna vectors."}],"snapshot_sha256":"a046f0be89ad91b2e795caa5208f8c14d022ecf3558f372884c738c614185cf1"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"b2f08b4361904cc989e1a78c656101ad1cc62e7670eb367f0fb4a18bef4af8a9"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Emerging wireless systems are evolving toward larger, denser, higher-frequency, and more reconfigurable apertures, which motivates the study of continuous-aperture arrays (CAPAs). Unlike conventional spatially discrete arrays (SPDAs), CAPAs are more naturally modeled as spatially continuous electromagnetic apertures and therefore call for a fundamental shift in both signal processing and information-theoretic analysis. In particular, the underlying channels, signals, and beamformers are no longer finite-dimensional vectors and matrices, but continuous fields and operators governed by Maxwell's","authors_text":"Chongjun Ouyang, Emil Bj\\\"ornson, Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu, Kuranage Roche Rayan Ranasinghe, Shuai S. A. Yuan, Yuanwei Liu, Zhaolin Wang","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"headline":"Continuous-aperture arrays must be modeled as continuous electromagnetic fields governed by Maxwell's equations rather than as discrete antenna vectors.","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2026-05-13T02:36:31Z","title":"Electromagnetic Signal and Information Theory: A Continuous-Aperture Array Perspective"},"references":{"count":95,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":95,"sample":[{"cited_arxiv_id":"","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":false,"ref_index":1,"title":"A mathematical theory of communication","work_id":"06360528-009e-40aa-be77-3ccdd5a410fa","year":1948},{"cited_arxiv_id":"","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":false,"ref_index":2,"title":"On the spatial bandwidth of scattered fields,","work_id":"8c414b1b-8236-4c38-ba07-24093f8d08ee","year":1987},{"cited_arxiv_id":"","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":false,"ref_index":3,"title":"Electromagnetic signal and infor- mation theory–electromagnetically consistent communication models for the transmission and processing of information,","work_id":"bfe0fb0f-f1df-4bf4-b098-ca36288aba00","year":2024},{"cited_arxiv_id":"","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":false,"ref_index":4,"title":"The performance enhancement of multibeam adaptive base-station antennas for cellular land mobile radio systems,","work_id":"f28c6ec7-3620-46ab-bf0a-148b72f095af","year":1990},{"cited_arxiv_id":"","doi":"","is_internal_anchor":false,"ref_index":5,"title":"An adaptive array for mobile communication systems,","work_id":"8f3343de-6e25-4bf4-bc57-d8356b8f9d99","year":1991}],"snapshot_sha256":"0ba5b6483bbd2f173a4f1f849a4e26ca39c79c49ee0e03400454a0b0b77767cb"},"source":{"id":"2605.12910","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":"2026-05-14T18:50:08.342427Z","id":"3c4fa060-3d6a-439b-82e8-95b971b10e8f","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"one_line_summary":"Tutorial overview of electromagnetic signal and information theory for continuous-aperture array wireless systems, emphasizing the shift from discrete to continuous models.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","pith_extraction_headline":"Continuous-aperture arrays must be modeled as continuous electromagnetic fields governed by Maxwell's equations rather than as discrete antenna vectors.","strongest_claim":"Unlike conventional spatially discrete arrays (SPDAs), CAPAs are more naturally modeled as spatially continuous electromagnetic apertures and therefore call for a fundamental shift in both signal processing and information-theoretic analysis.","weakest_assumption":"That continuous-aperture models based on Maxwell's equations will yield practical advantages in analysis, hardware implementation, and performance over discrete array approximations for real-world channels and systems."}},"verdict_id":"3c4fa060-3d6a-439b-82e8-95b971b10e8f"}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bf6cb7bc83833e4c740afcae3be32d0814dfd4726015883df7726d1419b59dd3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0eb4364f962d2e9120115f7c3ffda44e5ca979a3ca6c3a25ffcdf04c7f68ef6b","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2026-05-13T02:36:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3e31cd53b7a99764c62627f56903e11e30799eaa5ff3ffab6c23ef2e8150230"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.12910","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f0ff562e480e8f42b77f88f0fe064aa4beb41b1daa047b37ca81e6dbf6f0afbe","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f0ff562e480e8f42b77f88f0fe064aa4beb41b1daa047b37ca81e6dbf6f0afbe","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10.522350Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10.522350Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BQQYAS7MdxRqtWytwYOS9e/VG5IL/6XcrgXvt77h4EGk9cy0Fx3kBTvsWhctLMAM621kcFMDVEOo4o27IB4IAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:09:10.523310Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.12910","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bf6cb7bc83833e4c740afcae3be32d0814dfd4726015883df7726d1419b59dd3","sha256:25f09e5b278db60021ffed65d8c08cd968f4537cdab6ab0c107593091da62e61"],"state_sha256":"da242dc1062892e7f547f5ebde4940bc4ab0b8420c8848f6720687722d5dba90"}