{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ","short_pith_number":"pith:6FCFWVNG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.06453","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T17:53:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"83d48b530d9ad38eb8cf8808a38bb66dedf935e433a931b35be81b0e9b7100a4","abstract_canon_sha256":"0a6da5565bd546c0db1a70266b5648c1c2925eef790ac8e06a0a8e889c78b84e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f1445b55a6ef5f751be75a195ef1b90a6e8d438859059e5b4e3896be35a81fee","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2210.06453","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.06453","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.06453v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.06453","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6FCFWVNG55PX","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6FCFWVNG55PXKG7H","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6FCFWVNG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.06453","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T17:53:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"83d48b530d9ad38eb8cf8808a38bb66dedf935e433a931b35be81b0e9b7100a4","abstract_canon_sha256":"0a6da5565bd546c0db1a70266b5648c1c2925eef790ac8e06a0a8e889c78b84e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f1445b55a6ef5f751be75a195ef1b90a6e8d438859059e5b4e3896be35a81fee","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36.995527Z","signature_b64":"Jv0gXKT+kOHoBCENOtzFUOmgTPvthjk4WLa/bi63c0xyPTCxgC0H47HPlUQLyoBtjijFkfIWtD1nq1yq97CXAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f1445b55a6ef5f751be75a195ef1b90a6e8d438859059e5b4e3896be35a81fee","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36.994947Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36.994947Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2210.06453","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9uQY9MXEcQ4ZTRBLwdGW/Orzpdvj1LWOKOzxpAtvNguDW9+6pspbq0LhiXZuFRy8gW6KRPkq8xf0uhzKQkDnCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T00:10:38.900031Z"},"content_sha256":"745d28adf9d9947f91fe66eadd97910de9b0a00f995f53174b91319f13b2ceb5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:745d28adf9d9947f91fe66eadd97910de9b0a00f995f53174b91319f13b2ceb5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Emergent scale-free networks","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.app-ph"],"primary_cat":"nlin.AO","authors_text":"Caroline M. Holmes, Christopher W. Lynn, Stephanie E. Palmer","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T17:53:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Many complex systems--from social and communication networks to biological networks and the Internet--are thought to exhibit scale-free structure. However, prevailing explanations rely on the constant addition of new nodes, an assumption that fails dramatically in some real-world settings. Here, we propose a model in which nodes are allowed to die, and their connections rearrange under a mixture of preferential and random attachment. With these simple dynamics, we show that networks self-organize towards scale-free structure, with a power-law exponent $\\gamma = 1 + \\frac{1}{p}$ that depends on"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.06453","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2210.06453/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OLjwZmQ8M3V3k1Z0wsdb8/vXzCPwPYOFvYuDqOgIJ15xMR+eVuJ+KabraXaod1iouYlhy1ycteko9bHKUUQpAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T00:10:38.900938Z"},"content_sha256":"33b1b1492535a4df11f31dc4f7fe4e6aaf4e317fd75411c8131a06ec1c84679f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:33b1b1492535a4df11f31dc4f7fe4e6aaf4e317fd75411c8131a06ec1c84679f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-21T00:10:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:6FCFWVNG55PXKG7HLIMV54NZBJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0a6da5565bd546c0db1a70266b5648c1c2925eef790ac8e06a0a8e889c78b84e","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T17:53:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"83d48b530d9ad38eb8cf8808a38bb66dedf935e433a931b35be81b0e9b7100a4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.06453","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.06453","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.06453v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.06453","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6FCFWVNG55PX","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6FCFWVNG55PXKG7H","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6FCFWVNG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:33b1b1492535a4df11f31dc4f7fe4e6aaf4e317fd75411c8131a06ec1c84679f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2210.06453/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Many complex systems--from social and communication networks to biological networks and the Internet--are thought to exhibit scale-free structure. However, prevailing explanations rely on the constant addition of new nodes, an assumption that fails dramatically in some real-world settings. Here, we propose a model in which nodes are allowed to die, and their connections rearrange under a mixture of preferential and random attachment. With these simple dynamics, we show that networks self-organize towards scale-free structure, with a power-law exponent $\\gamma = 1 + \\frac{1}{p}$ that depends on","authors_text":"Caroline M. Holmes, Christopher W. Lynn, Stephanie E. Palmer","cross_cats":["physics.app-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T17:53:48Z","title":"Emergent scale-free networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.06453","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:745d28adf9d9947f91fe66eadd97910de9b0a00f995f53174b91319f13b2ceb5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0a6da5565bd546c0db1a70266b5648c1c2925eef790ac8e06a0a8e889c78b84e","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2022-10-12T17:53:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"83d48b530d9ad38eb8cf8808a38bb66dedf935e433a931b35be81b0e9b7100a4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.06453","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f1445b55a6ef5f751be75a195ef1b90a6e8d438859059e5b4e3896be35a81fee","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f1445b55a6ef5f751be75a195ef1b90a6e8d438859059e5b4e3896be35a81fee","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36.994947Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36.994947Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Jv0gXKT+kOHoBCENOtzFUOmgTPvthjk4WLa/bi63c0xyPTCxgC0H47HPlUQLyoBtjijFkfIWtD1nq1yq97CXAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:14:36.995527Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2210.06453","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:745d28adf9d9947f91fe66eadd97910de9b0a00f995f53174b91319f13b2ceb5","sha256:33b1b1492535a4df11f31dc4f7fe4e6aaf4e317fd75411c8131a06ec1c84679f"],"state_sha256":"272bfcd7075c3c76f13bbe6f18b97cf204c8a6153aa02e60c498fd3e4e2318ee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vupsT4pAg7kFPPzfCAJ5rrpy9sYUGkt8jhk6f5r2yS32waDLHBLrEcXoZzhjSlvFkVBbymPmhVNRXeP4Eu6HAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T00:10:38.907456Z","bundle_sha256":"1672e6e1aca277a4aec68a16ed1fd8580f0b8e68917a73f363ffd049103993b8"}}