{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY","short_pith_number":"pith:6FQLXQGN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.5394","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2013-03-13T12:51:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"09dd5b7a4784485bca0ca7907253abe3c23c0537047c47e659cc2c669fac9d63","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d5ebc6f7204786dae0b90fec5ba0f2a284e11808cc0cda64a53af22516d8962"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f160bbc0cdbd820fd6315f2525061446130708bce45cd082c9a2a104ab1c8ff5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1303.5394","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.5394","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.5394v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.5394","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6FQLXQGNXWBA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6FQLXQGN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:36Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.5394","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2013-03-13T12:51:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"09dd5b7a4784485bca0ca7907253abe3c23c0537047c47e659cc2c669fac9d63","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d5ebc6f7204786dae0b90fec5ba0f2a284e11808cc0cda64a53af22516d8962"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f160bbc0cdbd820fd6315f2525061446130708bce45cd082c9a2a104ab1c8ff5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11.929751Z","signature_b64":"GFjUYTNnEblApT/W+ONfMLiCLoZKAFK6t+oqUGc5lltRsAd8/Isa8hMr9xZXAiIgbF1frDZiE9vPC1aIZXz4CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f160bbc0cdbd820fd6315f2525061446130708bce45cd082c9a2a104ab1c8ff5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11.929152Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11.929152Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1303.5394","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9cTmvj/3Z8Eti678YWlhartuTCK8GculTTwRmdoIqK8Z5/9WSuiX5GChJzSMqqOUi59YqU5ax+ycKUqulTrwDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T19:21:38.001447Z"},"content_sha256":"ce0e0b89be0fdb687dd29ccaa2da5a47a8f34d9b9f998a2d03bb6717761f2b37","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ce0e0b89be0fdb687dd29ccaa2da5a47a8f34d9b9f998a2d03bb6717761f2b37"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Structural Controllability and Observability in Influence Diagrams","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Brian Y. Chan, Ross D. Shachter","submitted_at":"2013-03-13T12:51:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"Influence diagram is a graphical representation of belief networks with uncertainty.  This article studies the structural properties of a probabilistic model in an influence diagram. In particular, structural controllability theorems and structural observability theorems are developed and algorithms are formulated.  Controllability and observability are fundamental concepts in dynamic systems (Luenberger 1979).  Controllability corresponds to the ability to control a system while observability analyzes the inferability of its variables.  Both properties can be determined by the ranks of the sy"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.5394","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lbVsHIJgC5jz3kmEwrT9vV46C3rcOfpTEd1yHcRckhfqdVmllhZW1skXPmdbg8wsrZtBpsSMF33EVp1vHtqoBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T19:21:38.001799Z"},"content_sha256":"6cfeadf59dc1d3cfa281f8f3f3c6417c0a68d8096395ea25dfeec7d1ddfe9952","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6cfeadf59dc1d3cfa281f8f3f3c6417c0a68d8096395ea25dfeec7d1ddfe9952"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T19:21:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRRL4SSKBQUIY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d5ebc6f7204786dae0b90fec5ba0f2a284e11808cc0cda64a53af22516d8962","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2013-03-13T12:51:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"09dd5b7a4784485bca0ca7907253abe3c23c0537047c47e659cc2c669fac9d63"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.5394","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.5394","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.5394v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.5394","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6FQLXQGNXWBA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6FQLXQGNXWBA7VRR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6FQLXQGN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6cfeadf59dc1d3cfa281f8f3f3c6417c0a68d8096395ea25dfeec7d1ddfe9952","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Influence diagram is a graphical representation of belief networks with uncertainty.  This article studies the structural properties of a probabilistic model in an influence diagram. In particular, structural controllability theorems and structural observability theorems are developed and algorithms are formulated.  Controllability and observability are fundamental concepts in dynamic systems (Luenberger 1979).  Controllability corresponds to the ability to control a system while observability analyzes the inferability of its variables.  Both properties can be determined by the ranks of the sy","authors_text":"Brian Y. Chan, Ross D. Shachter","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2013-03-13T12:51:44Z","title":"Structural Controllability and Observability in Influence Diagrams"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.5394","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ce0e0b89be0fdb687dd29ccaa2da5a47a8f34d9b9f998a2d03bb6717761f2b37","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d5ebc6f7204786dae0b90fec5ba0f2a284e11808cc0cda64a53af22516d8962","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2013-03-13T12:51:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"09dd5b7a4784485bca0ca7907253abe3c23c0537047c47e659cc2c669fac9d63"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.5394","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f160bbc0cdbd820fd6315f2525061446130708bce45cd082c9a2a104ab1c8ff5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f160bbc0cdbd820fd6315f2525061446130708bce45cd082c9a2a104ab1c8ff5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11.929152Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11.929152Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GFjUYTNnEblApT/W+ONfMLiCLoZKAFK6t+oqUGc5lltRsAd8/Isa8hMr9xZXAiIgbF1frDZiE9vPC1aIZXz4CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:30:11.929751Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1303.5394","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ce0e0b89be0fdb687dd29ccaa2da5a47a8f34d9b9f998a2d03bb6717761f2b37","sha256:6cfeadf59dc1d3cfa281f8f3f3c6417c0a68d8096395ea25dfeec7d1ddfe9952"],"state_sha256":"ee5fc79b46162a7db9473c67e6814319b073ca1cdbc4fcea3bad785171c16762"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"laBTw05lnk/zwN8fnNDC3yiwDF8scrVLz6fo9UL3klgxnhDuO5wF5+ODmHPOJyRUi26MrGU4IU5SHIeltgGdCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T19:21:38.003810Z","bundle_sha256":"f4dd62786aeab3b24a5fbe91f21881287125319d029c17339fd39c3249ed1a7f"}}