{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6","short_pith_number":"pith:6HCW5ZSF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.06896","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.ST","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T21:25:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"b33fd14200d3ddf593d45eee1123ac56bc608266167704ca9a5060fe92ecab9b","abstract_canon_sha256":"3c98b4b6ba758aa4e5018759fdeeb948a4d49539d849e6d0331fa1608142500b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f1c56ee645d8afa9ac02ea9eec2b1587a7790d8fca55a6290f7b3597aa454d43","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1801.06896","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.06896","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.06896v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.06896","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6HCW5ZSF3CX2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6HCW5ZSF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.06896","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.ST","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T21:25:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"b33fd14200d3ddf593d45eee1123ac56bc608266167704ca9a5060fe92ecab9b","abstract_canon_sha256":"3c98b4b6ba758aa4e5018759fdeeb948a4d49539d849e6d0331fa1608142500b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f1c56ee645d8afa9ac02ea9eec2b1587a7790d8fca55a6290f7b3597aa454d43","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22.859448Z","signature_b64":"7zoBJoWxIVLB1fSL5zVe1XZvNxQJBRxuGuzgn1+6tuIVVucDLqflZgAuD1sl9OYszCCbOCtrh4UEVqPHNd7uCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f1c56ee645d8afa9ac02ea9eec2b1587a7790d8fca55a6290f7b3597aa454d43","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22.858740Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22.858740Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1801.06896","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wnVoVyFDJWKGz1MQi8jcStRJuXhtgPkoDTYdA/D+e4hcOqtpBYS2OoJ71hTS0tBESDRkwvw5U1fJePWiAsUjAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T20:00:32.847449Z"},"content_sha256":"e1406a5f01a7b8d362cb9981b4e86dac0bdb7c2c9344e0a97f9c4c45769e3216","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e1406a5f01a7b8d362cb9981b4e86dac0bdb7c2c9344e0a97f9c4c45769e3216"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ranking Causal Influence of Financial Markets via Directed Information Graphs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["eess.SP"],"primary_cat":"q-fin.ST","authors_text":"Andrea Goldsmith, Theo Diamandis, Yonathan Murin","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T21:25:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"A non-parametric method for ranking stock indices according to their mutual causal influences is presented. Under the assumption that indices reflect the underlying economy of a country, such a ranking indicates which countries exert the most economic influence in an examined subset of the global economy. The proposed method represents the indices as nodes in a directed graph, where the edges' weights are estimates of the pair-wise causal influences, quantified using the directed information functional. This method facilitates using a relatively small number of samples from each index. The ind"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.06896","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jHHGsbcBt59pgHYfu0ZG4cyNaIkU7Aon94+HOEAa3p1b85Ka/8OR86KxRWi4Rhysh+wsx1G/Y+MJOeDoLIp1BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T20:00:32.848103Z"},"content_sha256":"0450d725cda0bc90c174058431ad3d70e36d864ac0fea0384ae54a95cc55351b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0450d725cda0bc90c174058431ad3d70e36d864ac0fea0384ae54a95cc55351b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T20:00:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC5KPOYKYVQ6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3c98b4b6ba758aa4e5018759fdeeb948a4d49539d849e6d0331fa1608142500b","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.ST","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T21:25:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"b33fd14200d3ddf593d45eee1123ac56bc608266167704ca9a5060fe92ecab9b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.06896","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.06896","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.06896v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.06896","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6HCW5ZSF3CX2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6HCW5ZSF3CX2TLAC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6HCW5ZSF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0450d725cda0bc90c174058431ad3d70e36d864ac0fea0384ae54a95cc55351b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A non-parametric method for ranking stock indices according to their mutual causal influences is presented. Under the assumption that indices reflect the underlying economy of a country, such a ranking indicates which countries exert the most economic influence in an examined subset of the global economy. The proposed method represents the indices as nodes in a directed graph, where the edges' weights are estimates of the pair-wise causal influences, quantified using the directed information functional. This method facilitates using a relatively small number of samples from each index. The ind","authors_text":"Andrea Goldsmith, Theo Diamandis, Yonathan Murin","cross_cats":["eess.SP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.ST","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T21:25:47Z","title":"Ranking Causal Influence of Financial Markets via Directed Information Graphs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.06896","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e1406a5f01a7b8d362cb9981b4e86dac0bdb7c2c9344e0a97f9c4c45769e3216","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3c98b4b6ba758aa4e5018759fdeeb948a4d49539d849e6d0331fa1608142500b","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.ST","submitted_at":"2018-01-21T21:25:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"b33fd14200d3ddf593d45eee1123ac56bc608266167704ca9a5060fe92ecab9b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.06896","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f1c56ee645d8afa9ac02ea9eec2b1587a7790d8fca55a6290f7b3597aa454d43","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f1c56ee645d8afa9ac02ea9eec2b1587a7790d8fca55a6290f7b3597aa454d43","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22.858740Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22.858740Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"7zoBJoWxIVLB1fSL5zVe1XZvNxQJBRxuGuzgn1+6tuIVVucDLqflZgAuD1sl9OYszCCbOCtrh4UEVqPHNd7uCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:25:22.859448Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1801.06896","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e1406a5f01a7b8d362cb9981b4e86dac0bdb7c2c9344e0a97f9c4c45769e3216","sha256:0450d725cda0bc90c174058431ad3d70e36d864ac0fea0384ae54a95cc55351b"],"state_sha256":"063541a1634ae8902d7010953b3846f8506350d1f19a4d32143e80806154d9e3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ADMRshy/738Ku1gqX0JK9bpyl0LnP3SZFMCG4Ks6xIqC4WcnLGBpipzyeFlzeuJFACuxWsQ4ZSssjWCoBKqYCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T20:00:32.852425Z","bundle_sha256":"387a3ef935c64bdb7b0e7c19580a20e2ee00101ecae1f448b4f4b86a2b444e55"}}