{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S","short_pith_number":"pith:6IXXF5K3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.06112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-08T16:48:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2a855593e73cf040a9a0082f18febc79c87cc09282afee38ac7266f19bbb9bf3","abstract_canon_sha256":"594c3c42564e06817156bd04651fa277ae5161c52c70ad5d417f856acdc1a980"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f22f72f55b26f2a9a4238307d38d03e4b3e93bb5b372467baf0b41ccc46d28b2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2407.06112","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.06112","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.06112v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.06112","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6IXXF5K3E3ZK","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBD","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6IXXF5K3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.06112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-08T16:48:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2a855593e73cf040a9a0082f18febc79c87cc09282afee38ac7266f19bbb9bf3","abstract_canon_sha256":"594c3c42564e06817156bd04651fa277ae5161c52c70ad5d417f856acdc1a980"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f22f72f55b26f2a9a4238307d38d03e4b3e93bb5b372467baf0b41ccc46d28b2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23.747987Z","signature_b64":"x3hz9u+caWXPbyeSkvXqeu6SjSC220TGOflgjXpqVm+YIFaCL5rbWmWkKxc7QC+vSlr3d7wU7tyYeI0SssYnCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f22f72f55b26f2a9a4238307d38d03e4b3e93bb5b372467baf0b41ccc46d28b2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23.747530Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23.747530Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2407.06112","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jsH+1j1BBSEWt3IEwBkdrUFJzXcXGBtCwQNaWfa+KUgTxAisbZZ9R5Wy8Vgv8pxGOOMoFItg1/vqfDqV1ybuDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T08:57:46.336176Z"},"content_sha256":"f370161426f876577dcdeab3fcb347711b466151342be73dc0942eff6d7c200a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f370161426f876577dcdeab3fcb347711b466151342be73dc0942eff6d7c200a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Enhancing Language Model Rationality with Bi-Directional Deliberation Reasoning","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Furu Wei, Man Lan, Shaoguang Mao, Tao Ge, Wenshan Wu, Yadong Zhang, Yan Xia","submitted_at":"2024-07-08T16:48:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper introduces BI-Directional DEliberation Reasoning (BIDDER), a novel reasoning approach to enhance the decision rationality of language models. Traditional reasoning methods typically rely on historical information and employ uni-directional (left-to-right) reasoning strategy. This lack of bi-directional deliberation reasoning results in limited awareness of potential future outcomes and insufficient integration of historical context, leading to suboptimal decisions. BIDDER addresses this gap by incorporating principles of rational decision-making, specifically managing uncertainty an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.06112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2407.06112/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"w9tEabtmCnTPbElGDk0A0voG5ohztu3p7BMVroL86MN3ZF5jahzEt69HnJ/Pd6LlBmWZkiwpRp1zbvH/DqIZDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T08:57:46.336719Z"},"content_sha256":"74c08ee9e92f723cdfbeb0236c5695ffc0cb63baa22fbe4ec3a7d9bbcea69ae1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:74c08ee9e92f723cdfbeb0236c5695ffc0cb63baa22fbe4ec3a7d9bbcea69ae1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T08:57:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBDQMD5HDID4S","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"594c3c42564e06817156bd04651fa277ae5161c52c70ad5d417f856acdc1a980","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-08T16:48:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a855593e73cf040a9a0082f18febc79c87cc09282afee38ac7266f19bbb9bf3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.06112","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.06112","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.06112v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.06112","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6IXXF5K3E3ZK","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6IXXF5K3E3ZKTJBD","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6IXXF5K3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:74c08ee9e92f723cdfbeb0236c5695ffc0cb63baa22fbe4ec3a7d9bbcea69ae1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2407.06112/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper introduces BI-Directional DEliberation Reasoning (BIDDER), a novel reasoning approach to enhance the decision rationality of language models. Traditional reasoning methods typically rely on historical information and employ uni-directional (left-to-right) reasoning strategy. This lack of bi-directional deliberation reasoning results in limited awareness of potential future outcomes and insufficient integration of historical context, leading to suboptimal decisions. BIDDER addresses this gap by incorporating principles of rational decision-making, specifically managing uncertainty an","authors_text":"Furu Wei, Man Lan, Shaoguang Mao, Tao Ge, Wenshan Wu, Yadong Zhang, Yan Xia","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-08T16:48:48Z","title":"Enhancing Language Model Rationality with Bi-Directional Deliberation Reasoning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.06112","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f370161426f876577dcdeab3fcb347711b466151342be73dc0942eff6d7c200a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"594c3c42564e06817156bd04651fa277ae5161c52c70ad5d417f856acdc1a980","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-08T16:48:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a855593e73cf040a9a0082f18febc79c87cc09282afee38ac7266f19bbb9bf3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.06112","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f22f72f55b26f2a9a4238307d38d03e4b3e93bb5b372467baf0b41ccc46d28b2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f22f72f55b26f2a9a4238307d38d03e4b3e93bb5b372467baf0b41ccc46d28b2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23.747530Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23.747530Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"x3hz9u+caWXPbyeSkvXqeu6SjSC220TGOflgjXpqVm+YIFaCL5rbWmWkKxc7QC+vSlr3d7wU7tyYeI0SssYnCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:23.747987Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2407.06112","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f370161426f876577dcdeab3fcb347711b466151342be73dc0942eff6d7c200a","sha256:74c08ee9e92f723cdfbeb0236c5695ffc0cb63baa22fbe4ec3a7d9bbcea69ae1"],"state_sha256":"9940389962dbd5b2cedcd68f267db6f7cc92a5da47f4bb2d9a10f12bffcaf587"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L9OFZo8+jeYFebTQY2uETls+VDFRCOt7+nKHyEObNMX3ARgV2zBAp386i6fx0PJ6WHBRbymDBEop8qv/pgLKBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T08:57:46.342442Z","bundle_sha256":"9954b9cd8355151bdd6374efd83f4b0b01373cf1c82e6a635cf29b110fd36933"}}