{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK","short_pith_number":"pith:6IZSDSJK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.10991","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-12-28T13:49:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"78df86a101188ac884635c167c5128f6e4ae6a026de3de7322efe40d10e20bc3","abstract_canon_sha256":"9c26ad7348912b9cbe9b65c8ba805b1f4b6cfe97b7eacb861c532b8a19ee099d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f23321c92a78c04012c2399bffb6a03aaf207baa75c66e87920fd0ebd9235e98","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.10991","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.10991","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.10991v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.10991","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6IZSDSJKPDAE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6IZSDSJK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.10991","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-12-28T13:49:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"78df86a101188ac884635c167c5128f6e4ae6a026de3de7322efe40d10e20bc3","abstract_canon_sha256":"9c26ad7348912b9cbe9b65c8ba805b1f4b6cfe97b7eacb861c532b8a19ee099d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f23321c92a78c04012c2399bffb6a03aaf207baa75c66e87920fd0ebd9235e98","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16.617358Z","signature_b64":"dJzx/QKsww3OMDZxepTA/JAotpnWIv4D0m3+D2nR8wWrmprJjXT6U+SXrWIMFI6HqmArmOYKWo9Asb8ID9adDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f23321c92a78c04012c2399bffb6a03aaf207baa75c66e87920fd0ebd9235e98","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16.616933Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16.616933Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1812.10991","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QdGfYXsYRkibKP5z8yXuLHawY8cIjn/VRfrBb4H2nLJfESDZpw3gzr4kXRnGTjs3fnOXPf0OMvzTUqDQpuroAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T05:26:48.556638Z"},"content_sha256":"bb04e022f356d6f19145300a3fa71e1757e590c6d991a42c56825402279c3828","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bb04e022f356d6f19145300a3fa71e1757e590c6d991a42c56825402279c3828"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The role of grammar in transition-probabilities of subsequent words in English text","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Rudolf Hanel, Stefan Thurner","submitted_at":"2018-12-28T13:49:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"Sentence formation is a highly structured, history-dependent, and sample-space reducing (SSR) process. While the first word in a sentence can be chosen from the entire vocabulary, typically, the freedom of choosing subsequent words gets more and more constrained by grammar and context, as the sentence progresses. This sample-space reducing property offers a natural explanation of Zipf's law in word frequencies, however, it fails to capture the structure of the word-to-word transition probability matrices of English text. Here we adopt the view that grammatical constraints (such as subject--pre"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.10991","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tWhiEY6xmKyp1SSuQXhrt3YCHOpqMgpzddZ0oJd68wzQorHuY4jHkDt3or6g86ybbL/pWlosWlBJ1t4Yv98OCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T05:26:48.557344Z"},"content_sha256":"c09d8b9fd77b05ad8b6c2d128782141c1016246654c32a3b68e896180e569572","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c09d8b9fd77b05ad8b6c2d128782141c1016246654c32a3b68e896180e569572"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T05:26:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWCHGN77NVAHK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9c26ad7348912b9cbe9b65c8ba805b1f4b6cfe97b7eacb861c532b8a19ee099d","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-12-28T13:49:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"78df86a101188ac884635c167c5128f6e4ae6a026de3de7322efe40d10e20bc3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.10991","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.10991","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.10991v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.10991","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6IZSDSJKPDAE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6IZSDSJKPDAEAEWC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6IZSDSJK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c09d8b9fd77b05ad8b6c2d128782141c1016246654c32a3b68e896180e569572","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Sentence formation is a highly structured, history-dependent, and sample-space reducing (SSR) process. While the first word in a sentence can be chosen from the entire vocabulary, typically, the freedom of choosing subsequent words gets more and more constrained by grammar and context, as the sentence progresses. This sample-space reducing property offers a natural explanation of Zipf's law in word frequencies, however, it fails to capture the structure of the word-to-word transition probability matrices of English text. Here we adopt the view that grammatical constraints (such as subject--pre","authors_text":"Rudolf Hanel, Stefan Thurner","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-12-28T13:49:49Z","title":"The role of grammar in transition-probabilities of subsequent words in English text"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.10991","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bb04e022f356d6f19145300a3fa71e1757e590c6d991a42c56825402279c3828","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9c26ad7348912b9cbe9b65c8ba805b1f4b6cfe97b7eacb861c532b8a19ee099d","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-12-28T13:49:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"78df86a101188ac884635c167c5128f6e4ae6a026de3de7322efe40d10e20bc3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.10991","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f23321c92a78c04012c2399bffb6a03aaf207baa75c66e87920fd0ebd9235e98","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f23321c92a78c04012c2399bffb6a03aaf207baa75c66e87920fd0ebd9235e98","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16.616933Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16.616933Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"dJzx/QKsww3OMDZxepTA/JAotpnWIv4D0m3+D2nR8wWrmprJjXT6U+SXrWIMFI6HqmArmOYKWo9Asb8ID9adDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:57:16.617358Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1812.10991","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bb04e022f356d6f19145300a3fa71e1757e590c6d991a42c56825402279c3828","sha256:c09d8b9fd77b05ad8b6c2d128782141c1016246654c32a3b68e896180e569572"],"state_sha256":"b84296e8f5a1ee3c79ea6fa0c1da8ee05880f7f95a02627dad1e8f6573bcf493"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9SAp20ZtVSH3iXduyXfHp/5etYFfYo+Ngpkw07FV85fkfocwpYK0bqHu2lsWi3cQRUft7msUVA3k3QFd+J1gAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T05:26:48.561417Z","bundle_sha256":"51efda12fdf6b474b224f380c99eb19b62f8f94096dccd9d643c88c7e2b9684d"}}