{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC","short_pith_number":"pith:6OHKZPRL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.16066","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T05:29:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"3129f042e7b85d6c988a0abcd853db405a8efd132a40157012b5a55018ed9157","abstract_canon_sha256":"39614eb172d65f7620db4f8bb19a74028cd420c67784dad379c0a01044ba933b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f38eacbe2b3c69cddbbf0aed1a820700bfda2440bc28fefe231224859a4ad2a4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2303.16066","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.16066","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.16066v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.16066","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6OHKZPRLHRU4","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6OHKZPRLHRU43W57","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6OHKZPRL","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.16066","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T05:29:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"3129f042e7b85d6c988a0abcd853db405a8efd132a40157012b5a55018ed9157","abstract_canon_sha256":"39614eb172d65f7620db4f8bb19a74028cd420c67784dad379c0a01044ba933b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f38eacbe2b3c69cddbbf0aed1a820700bfda2440bc28fefe231224859a4ad2a4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42.604968Z","signature_b64":"jCGaZbAhOUQ9bZBDVuV0RsW9Ls3raq4SICpJAwIoxKVqF7MYuHq0M0YZyyZSMcGzSOx1V+VRJN5x1lwyN7mgBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f38eacbe2b3c69cddbbf0aed1a820700bfda2440bc28fefe231224859a4ad2a4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42.604500Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42.604500Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2303.16066","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GUvVJjwhl+gJVdzA7XmaocS9FjKZ61oc8ny1/zWwmUiHh1jJkHP1XgRzTYbdfSZXg1gZ87F+4Nm9PHabQme3Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T17:33:03.832706Z"},"content_sha256":"4df48158a091f91134330654a657efd092aa54d45adb8fbd48cda2020e74f225","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4df48158a091f91134330654a657efd092aa54d45adb8fbd48cda2020e74f225"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Neural Collapse Inspired Federated Learning with Non-iid Data","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Binbin Lin, Chenxi Huang, Deng Cai, Liang Xie, Wenxiao Wang, Yibo Yang","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T05:29:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"One of the challenges in federated learning is the non-independent and identically distributed (non-iid) characteristics between heterogeneous devices, which cause significant differences in local updates and affect the performance of the central server. Although many studies have been proposed to address this challenge, they only focus on local training and aggregation processes to smooth the changes and fail to achieve high performance with deep learning models. Inspired by the phenomenon of neural collapse, we force each client to be optimized toward an optimal global structure for classifi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.16066","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2303.16066/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Aq8k9Oi77Ec81wMteGvU1QYeTbo4Qwhh2IsssiWIRlsz4G6BuVZHgcl7GANy/9Ltfcf3BIVmrzeXeVTA45UwCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T17:33:03.833240Z"},"content_sha256":"5bc2e9788a932f87446d07a9bbb71c09bf173042cdfd386e39561954c3330d32","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5bc2e9788a932f87446d07a9bbb71c09bf173042cdfd386e39561954c3330d32"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T17:33:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:6OHKZPRLHRU43W57BLWRVAQHAC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"39614eb172d65f7620db4f8bb19a74028cd420c67784dad379c0a01044ba933b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T05:29:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"3129f042e7b85d6c988a0abcd853db405a8efd132a40157012b5a55018ed9157"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.16066","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.16066","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.16066v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.16066","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6OHKZPRLHRU4","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6OHKZPRLHRU43W57","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6OHKZPRL","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5bc2e9788a932f87446d07a9bbb71c09bf173042cdfd386e39561954c3330d32","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2303.16066/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"One of the challenges in federated learning is the non-independent and identically distributed (non-iid) characteristics between heterogeneous devices, which cause significant differences in local updates and affect the performance of the central server. Although many studies have been proposed to address this challenge, they only focus on local training and aggregation processes to smooth the changes and fail to achieve high performance with deep learning models. Inspired by the phenomenon of neural collapse, we force each client to be optimized toward an optimal global structure for classifi","authors_text":"Binbin Lin, Chenxi Huang, Deng Cai, Liang Xie, Wenxiao Wang, Yibo Yang","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T05:29:53Z","title":"Neural Collapse Inspired Federated Learning with Non-iid Data"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.16066","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4df48158a091f91134330654a657efd092aa54d45adb8fbd48cda2020e74f225","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"39614eb172d65f7620db4f8bb19a74028cd420c67784dad379c0a01044ba933b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T05:29:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"3129f042e7b85d6c988a0abcd853db405a8efd132a40157012b5a55018ed9157"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.16066","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f38eacbe2b3c69cddbbf0aed1a820700bfda2440bc28fefe231224859a4ad2a4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f38eacbe2b3c69cddbbf0aed1a820700bfda2440bc28fefe231224859a4ad2a4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42.604500Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42.604500Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jCGaZbAhOUQ9bZBDVuV0RsW9Ls3raq4SICpJAwIoxKVqF7MYuHq0M0YZyyZSMcGzSOx1V+VRJN5x1lwyN7mgBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:56:42.604968Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2303.16066","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4df48158a091f91134330654a657efd092aa54d45adb8fbd48cda2020e74f225","sha256:5bc2e9788a932f87446d07a9bbb71c09bf173042cdfd386e39561954c3330d32"],"state_sha256":"b2487b335c9c834b794aaaec2cacdf7fc13565ecc55fc32e614d86032240f2d4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WySfiGpyoXLuXJ/Rx7Eui+ZOQdJoAtC4XllAs0HSlttMs+wIJTPPvMspejyPHFdQ14OsQCPw8ElpodS3BtUtDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T17:33:03.838805Z","bundle_sha256":"2406ef9c27f29d871cc28540b3fe9574421cdc7c20616e79e0d4168db82a47db"}}