{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1994:6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL","short_pith_number":"pith:6PTOCQH7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-lat/9406015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"1994-06-23T14:30:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"1a20c8be85a9c67fa05b13e59fe1dae5b539db2076506973d27d10272b31e3b2","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b9eb18bdc6f19694c03eda9db7979c61b6bb7a8e90614b94dbe56da6d79b2fb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f3e6e140ffe6e61fafd79f95a3ee4f32fc01104d2e54df646730eabfe0422b02","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-lat/9406015","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-lat/9406015","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-lat/9406015v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-lat/9406015","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6PTOCQH743TB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6PTOCQH743TB7L6X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6PTOCQH7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1994:6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-lat/9406015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"1994-06-23T14:30:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"1a20c8be85a9c67fa05b13e59fe1dae5b539db2076506973d27d10272b31e3b2","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b9eb18bdc6f19694c03eda9db7979c61b6bb7a8e90614b94dbe56da6d79b2fb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f3e6e140ffe6e61fafd79f95a3ee4f32fc01104d2e54df646730eabfe0422b02","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56.531873Z","signature_b64":"oHgkC/JFMdUHE84hoHXSkxY5SlX8kDnz1JuCxCZ7RLFldRVagBxno2pwgNel8QqaDPfAWyWai579zoj8dXsFDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f3e6e140ffe6e61fafd79f95a3ee4f32fc01104d2e54df646730eabfe0422b02","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56.531034Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56.531034Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-lat/9406015","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UeesY5mWHVE0pliCnhWUzStsljsJtaakqp0UJyvuoEqfIzr+a6exGl0+2nX3RekP6mgF4I4YTobm+eG8Fj7OAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:50:05.492116Z"},"content_sha256":"d812540e245b1831a88769c351ccfd649fd3f7b7ce5dc2df73a59b35775a4fc9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d812540e245b1831a88769c351ccfd649fd3f7b7ce5dc2df73a59b35775a4fc9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1994:6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Fermion production despite fermion number conservation","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-lat","authors_text":"James E. Hetrick, Jan Smit, Wolfgang Bock","submitted_at":"1994-06-23T14:30:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"Lattice proposals for a nonperturbative formulation of the Standard Model easily lead to a global U(1) symmetry corresponding to exactly conserved fermion number. The absence of an anomaly in the fermion current would then appear to inhibit anomalous processes, such as electroweak baryogenesis in the early universe. One way to circumvent this problem is to formulate the theory such that this U(1) symmetry is explicitly broken. However we argue that in the framework of spectral flow, fermion creation and annihilation still in fact occurs, despite the exact fermion number conservation. The cruci"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-lat/9406015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6sXMMW99hOzy2KEHI4U1ieaZhYP0bdX/e3d/nv+PbfkDGJJgDYgeLFIZbT+GFVZaOX1IZdT8ICHg9WU6CKWjCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:50:05.492703Z"},"content_sha256":"3108550a022c20e8153c774f331a9b85e225dcf017bb15409734f09205621cbd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3108550a022c20e8153c774f331a9b85e225dcf017bb15409734f09205621cbd"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T07:50:05Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1994:6PTOCQH743TB7L6XT6K2H3SPGL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b9eb18bdc6f19694c03eda9db7979c61b6bb7a8e90614b94dbe56da6d79b2fb","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"1994-06-23T14:30:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"1a20c8be85a9c67fa05b13e59fe1dae5b539db2076506973d27d10272b31e3b2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-lat/9406015","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-lat/9406015","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-lat/9406015v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-lat/9406015","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6PTOCQH743TB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6PTOCQH743TB7L6X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6PTOCQH7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3108550a022c20e8153c774f331a9b85e225dcf017bb15409734f09205621cbd","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Lattice proposals for a nonperturbative formulation of the Standard Model easily lead to a global U(1) symmetry corresponding to exactly conserved fermion number. The absence of an anomaly in the fermion current would then appear to inhibit anomalous processes, such as electroweak baryogenesis in the early universe. One way to circumvent this problem is to formulate the theory such that this U(1) symmetry is explicitly broken. However we argue that in the framework of spectral flow, fermion creation and annihilation still in fact occurs, despite the exact fermion number conservation. The cruci","authors_text":"James E. Hetrick, Jan Smit, Wolfgang Bock","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"1994-06-23T14:30:31Z","title":"Fermion production despite fermion number conservation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-lat/9406015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d812540e245b1831a88769c351ccfd649fd3f7b7ce5dc2df73a59b35775a4fc9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b9eb18bdc6f19694c03eda9db7979c61b6bb7a8e90614b94dbe56da6d79b2fb","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"1994-06-23T14:30:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"1a20c8be85a9c67fa05b13e59fe1dae5b539db2076506973d27d10272b31e3b2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-lat/9406015","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f3e6e140ffe6e61fafd79f95a3ee4f32fc01104d2e54df646730eabfe0422b02","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f3e6e140ffe6e61fafd79f95a3ee4f32fc01104d2e54df646730eabfe0422b02","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56.531034Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56.531034Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"oHgkC/JFMdUHE84hoHXSkxY5SlX8kDnz1JuCxCZ7RLFldRVagBxno2pwgNel8QqaDPfAWyWai579zoj8dXsFDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:37:56.531873Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-lat/9406015","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d812540e245b1831a88769c351ccfd649fd3f7b7ce5dc2df73a59b35775a4fc9","sha256:3108550a022c20e8153c774f331a9b85e225dcf017bb15409734f09205621cbd"],"state_sha256":"02061e3e3ce4db490fe221b428e086633997d5f74d9c655e6c60f38cf650bd8c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kLx2pUj3F0GlOL9mxrB7fISmO3MxgG1dCMpY371hUX81GE0nxFQxXAQe3AJoBMGdekahTsQ6KyBk3chRLK3WBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:50:05.495370Z","bundle_sha256":"fe4b86ed18893c43aa64d6a02d33494b6d6f1a504a1515b334e40c289214f1ad"}}