{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA","short_pith_number":"pith:6QFRTTDR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.10892","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-04-22T06:50:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f914539501b2ae5e6a2a3a3ac17f0c6cab2b0e65114b5f43c4d8a89483fcfe5d","abstract_canon_sha256":"1c5fc0438dfd342b819451f763ea99e54c48cccf056f306c26067b7f0a3d1a60"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f40b19cc7105510e42f60e87e28e37301d82af69694504f74ef54835cf7ac118","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2104.10892","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.10892","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.10892v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.10892","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6QFRTTDRAVIQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXW","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6QFRTTDR","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.10892","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-04-22T06:50:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f914539501b2ae5e6a2a3a3ac17f0c6cab2b0e65114b5f43c4d8a89483fcfe5d","abstract_canon_sha256":"1c5fc0438dfd342b819451f763ea99e54c48cccf056f306c26067b7f0a3d1a60"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f40b19cc7105510e42f60e87e28e37301d82af69694504f74ef54835cf7ac118","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24.269182Z","signature_b64":"T2MiZ853aQiWkzL/um6F/S/VWc3Fc1ruGVtJ6xT5ApWUsQGvt23sk4rj4QAISA2sm0a6b25OERI7Rg9TCXv8Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f40b19cc7105510e42f60e87e28e37301d82af69694504f74ef54835cf7ac118","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24.268715Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24.268715Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2104.10892","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L7rWmvMxe2DT/iQUThKk/CY+s9D9bCbgY0o+qg7yHfIUITSkzlhFvkxYU6Ks9Q4TdtXnWulIlU4aN+XXV4AdCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T23:07:16.516941Z"},"content_sha256":"80d40971390d9c8f03dabc3f1b11465c1b4e7bfc207e0dd23b26a72e29ffec14","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:80d40971390d9c8f03dabc3f1b11465c1b4e7bfc207e0dd23b26a72e29ffec14"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Radiation hydrodynamics simulations of massive star cluster formation in giant molecular clouds","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Hajime Fukushima, Hidenobu Yajima","submitted_at":"2021-04-22T06:50:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"By performing three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations, we study the formation of young massive star clusters (YMCs, $M_{*}>10^4~M_{\\odot}$) in clouds with the surface density ranging from $\\Sigma_{\\rm cl} = 80$ to $3200~M_{\\odot}\\;{\\rm pc^{-2}}$. We find that photoionization feedback suppresses star formation significantly in clouds with low surface density. Once the initial surface density exceeds $\\sim 100~M_{\\odot}\\;{\\rm pc^{-2}}$ for clouds with $M_{\\rm cl}=10^{6}~M_{\\odot}$ and $Z= Z_{\\odot}$, most of the gas is converted into stars because the photoionization feedback is in"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.10892","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2104.10892/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5zTx7IMDWG6FOypUKclfXmnPfaRNtzbdfRLflO24FPpiBGHXGhmWFj10wbRBEcXrlNmg3Dh+oWjOhX14gZ6yBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T23:07:16.517476Z"},"content_sha256":"133c37ed9b2866396fa5d23555b89180b955175a9e49e20cc6c0654fdc397cfb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:133c37ed9b2866396fa5d23555b89180b955175a9e49e20cc6c0654fdc397cfb"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T23:07:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXWB2D6FDRXGA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1c5fc0438dfd342b819451f763ea99e54c48cccf056f306c26067b7f0a3d1a60","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-04-22T06:50:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"f914539501b2ae5e6a2a3a3ac17f0c6cab2b0e65114b5f43c4d8a89483fcfe5d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.10892","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.10892","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.10892v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.10892","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6QFRTTDRAVIQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6QFRTTDRAVIQ4QXW","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6QFRTTDR","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:133c37ed9b2866396fa5d23555b89180b955175a9e49e20cc6c0654fdc397cfb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2104.10892/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"By performing three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations, we study the formation of young massive star clusters (YMCs, $M_{*}>10^4~M_{\\odot}$) in clouds with the surface density ranging from $\\Sigma_{\\rm cl} = 80$ to $3200~M_{\\odot}\\;{\\rm pc^{-2}}$. We find that photoionization feedback suppresses star formation significantly in clouds with low surface density. Once the initial surface density exceeds $\\sim 100~M_{\\odot}\\;{\\rm pc^{-2}}$ for clouds with $M_{\\rm cl}=10^{6}~M_{\\odot}$ and $Z= Z_{\\odot}$, most of the gas is converted into stars because the photoionization feedback is in","authors_text":"Hajime Fukushima, Hidenobu Yajima","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-04-22T06:50:45Z","title":"Radiation hydrodynamics simulations of massive star cluster formation in giant molecular clouds"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.10892","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:80d40971390d9c8f03dabc3f1b11465c1b4e7bfc207e0dd23b26a72e29ffec14","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1c5fc0438dfd342b819451f763ea99e54c48cccf056f306c26067b7f0a3d1a60","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-04-22T06:50:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"f914539501b2ae5e6a2a3a3ac17f0c6cab2b0e65114b5f43c4d8a89483fcfe5d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.10892","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f40b19cc7105510e42f60e87e28e37301d82af69694504f74ef54835cf7ac118","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f40b19cc7105510e42f60e87e28e37301d82af69694504f74ef54835cf7ac118","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24.268715Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24.268715Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"T2MiZ853aQiWkzL/um6F/S/VWc3Fc1ruGVtJ6xT5ApWUsQGvt23sk4rj4QAISA2sm0a6b25OERI7Rg9TCXv8Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:06:24.269182Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2104.10892","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:80d40971390d9c8f03dabc3f1b11465c1b4e7bfc207e0dd23b26a72e29ffec14","sha256:133c37ed9b2866396fa5d23555b89180b955175a9e49e20cc6c0654fdc397cfb"],"state_sha256":"8229323b64811050f88e1a847bf5124561f5a0dfad895e75b2b337031a74faee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bG96kgL+HIKHmDHOaUuRNregXSlFjVLB69PS5o7TaBvWB+7E8hYjKeYztCpHN7JMANFrNs7v6ey/q0n3slxpAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T23:07:16.521229Z","bundle_sha256":"14ba7c31646629849ac0ab5031fbc6cd076517b966c0caddf1bfaf110e7339b0"}}