{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2020:6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV","short_pith_number":"pith:6QZUQWDJ","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"f433485869b77fe174c22b5777e6419d424b8c0e2cecfc4fb36dac96b0a6b7ed","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2001.06051","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The Low Effective Spin of Binary Black Holes and Implications for Individual Gravitational-Wave Events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Simona Miller, Thomas A. Callister, Will Farr","submitted_at":"2020-01-16T19:43:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"While the Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave experiments now regularly observe binary black hole mergers, the evolutionary origin of these events remains a mystery. Analysis of the binary black hole spin distribution may shed light on this mystery, offering a means of discriminating between different binary formation channels. Using the data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo's first and second observing runs, here we seek to carefully characterize the distribution of effective spin among binary black holes, hierarchically measuring the distribution's mean $\\mu$ and variance $\\sigma^2$ while"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2001.06051","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2020-01-16T19:43:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"74791056af979a3233d882fef262473d98940c41392f627496ea4a9082fd61de","abstract_canon_sha256":"06e3b9939f2f58ccc95624ad58f770270a7f04a7cdca8a31eb1144270d2df9bb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.193260Z","signature_b64":"h/fxgdRExu4sGLQQZvZrgUDsG+fIQwSvs432Nobghpb5fgSThNBGAsILxW1XZ2VLGtISL+LRYFG/L6QMhhjVBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f433485869b77fe174c22b5777e6419d424b8c0e2cecfc4fb36dac96b0a6b7ed","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192736Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192736Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Low Effective Spin of Binary Black Holes and Implications for Individual Gravitational-Wave Events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Simona Miller, Thomas A. Callister, Will Farr","submitted_at":"2020-01-16T19:43:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"While the Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave experiments now regularly observe binary black hole mergers, the evolutionary origin of these events remains a mystery. Analysis of the binary black hole spin distribution may shed light on this mystery, offering a means of discriminating between different binary formation channels. Using the data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo's first and second observing runs, here we seek to carefully characterize the distribution of effective spin among binary black holes, hierarchically measuring the distribution's mean $\\mu$ and variance $\\sigma^2$ while"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2001.06051","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2001.06051/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2001.06051","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2001.06051v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2001.06051","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6QZUQWDJW576","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6QZUQWDJW576C5GC","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6QZUQWDJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":3,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2507.23663","citing_title":"Disentangling spinning and nonspinning binary black hole populations with spin sorting","ref_index":42,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.06090","citing_title":"Posterior Predictive Checks for Gravitational-wave Populations: Limitations and Improvements","ref_index":109,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.15885","citing_title":"Gravitational-wave astronomy requires population-informed parameter estimation","ref_index":24,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV","json":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/6QZUQWDJ"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/6QZUQWDJ","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2001.06051&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/6QZUQWDJW576C5GCFNLXPZSBTV/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T01:08:51.192798+00:00"}