{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD","short_pith_number":"pith:6RCZ33LL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.7113","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2012-11-29T22:51:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3d102dd814aecb502cf231e449b25c7c5fe15e1b9a4a7413a15dc2de3dc660de","abstract_canon_sha256":"c66969b48d7328e9aad2b636403f63f3a6ac9357cef6d853550dfd59e3d01fab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f4459ded6beb45ef5dda7d0006773a48d2e0ccd588e9ddc75b34f66796f11bf2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1211.7113","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.7113","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.7113v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.7113","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6RCZ33LL5NC6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6RCZ33LL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.7113","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2012-11-29T22:51:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3d102dd814aecb502cf231e449b25c7c5fe15e1b9a4a7413a15dc2de3dc660de","abstract_canon_sha256":"c66969b48d7328e9aad2b636403f63f3a6ac9357cef6d853550dfd59e3d01fab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f4459ded6beb45ef5dda7d0006773a48d2e0ccd588e9ddc75b34f66796f11bf2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41.016384Z","signature_b64":"6ia/c6wltRuM5qs4hHEOsE6AKHyVeIsFN1qFVHqsPfVuyjOo4vgevPIb55KFkhu5Gq2097v/qrpua5DQ2jn4BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f4459ded6beb45ef5dda7d0006773a48d2e0ccd588e9ddc75b34f66796f11bf2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41.015651Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41.015651Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1211.7113","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FmznCI2uRwFNcSofaXOnHNqT62ywTXp2xW14cESw0JBDBjxbTe0FeS7Ud5vZWOgjDptfg0fd6t0gPiiOQtGrCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T18:48:46.492250Z"},"content_sha256":"9d1c3dc0534b87b0a82e52a51ac79d31b0a738541676923d29f3d3e161b90496","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9d1c3dc0534b87b0a82e52a51ac79d31b0a738541676923d29f3d3e161b90496"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the Role of Infrastructure sharing for Mobile Network Operators in Emerging Markets","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NI","authors_text":"Djamal-Eddine Meddour, Tinku Rasheed, Yvon Gourhant","submitted_at":"2012-11-29T22:51:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"The traditional model of single ownership of all the physical network elements and network layers by mobile network operators is beginning to be challenged. This has been attributed to the rapid and complex technology migration compounded with rigorous regulatory requirements and ever increasing capital expenditures. These trends, combined together with the increasing competition, rapid commoditization of telecommunication equipments and rising separation of network and service provisioning are pushing the operators to adopt multiple strategies, with network infrastructure sharing in the core "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.7113","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"N6kTdL/J+DDbHuUy8VaiMKAZ6uxHJPemZqMbRBBH0kFlaVRz9AQ3XZxlwnkPW9LEj3yzEbu20j/vEG46kFkTBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T18:48:46.492933Z"},"content_sha256":"e132c0841898ece73b6dad9f2da65937cbdb6be7eeb0ef73e83cd1ff30734351","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e132c0841898ece73b6dad9f2da65937cbdb6be7eeb0ef73e83cd1ff30734351"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T18:48:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2PUAAM5Z2JD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c66969b48d7328e9aad2b636403f63f3a6ac9357cef6d853550dfd59e3d01fab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2012-11-29T22:51:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"3d102dd814aecb502cf231e449b25c7c5fe15e1b9a4a7413a15dc2de3dc660de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.7113","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.7113","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.7113v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.7113","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6RCZ33LL5NC6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6RCZ33LL5NC66XO2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6RCZ33LL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e132c0841898ece73b6dad9f2da65937cbdb6be7eeb0ef73e83cd1ff30734351","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The traditional model of single ownership of all the physical network elements and network layers by mobile network operators is beginning to be challenged. This has been attributed to the rapid and complex technology migration compounded with rigorous regulatory requirements and ever increasing capital expenditures. These trends, combined together with the increasing competition, rapid commoditization of telecommunication equipments and rising separation of network and service provisioning are pushing the operators to adopt multiple strategies, with network infrastructure sharing in the core ","authors_text":"Djamal-Eddine Meddour, Tinku Rasheed, Yvon Gourhant","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2012-11-29T22:51:56Z","title":"On the Role of Infrastructure sharing for Mobile Network Operators in Emerging Markets"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.7113","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9d1c3dc0534b87b0a82e52a51ac79d31b0a738541676923d29f3d3e161b90496","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c66969b48d7328e9aad2b636403f63f3a6ac9357cef6d853550dfd59e3d01fab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2012-11-29T22:51:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"3d102dd814aecb502cf231e449b25c7c5fe15e1b9a4a7413a15dc2de3dc660de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.7113","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f4459ded6beb45ef5dda7d0006773a48d2e0ccd588e9ddc75b34f66796f11bf2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f4459ded6beb45ef5dda7d0006773a48d2e0ccd588e9ddc75b34f66796f11bf2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41.015651Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41.015651Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"6ia/c6wltRuM5qs4hHEOsE6AKHyVeIsFN1qFVHqsPfVuyjOo4vgevPIb55KFkhu5Gq2097v/qrpua5DQ2jn4BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:39:41.016384Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1211.7113","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9d1c3dc0534b87b0a82e52a51ac79d31b0a738541676923d29f3d3e161b90496","sha256:e132c0841898ece73b6dad9f2da65937cbdb6be7eeb0ef73e83cd1ff30734351"],"state_sha256":"7dde5124332b3b095613a0a19cd77ff12f21a27055c7e9bdc619e6631efa860b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QCJ/rBZwQTasRH9GaEVQQZdbqZv9xtzEXIriNdlY3w5r7NmLNhMWs+ecyA1RKru2YcEhsNyfZIEHS228JmbtCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T18:48:46.496310Z","bundle_sha256":"1ca376212c6a044992999d840dfaef86b6bf95c5bec8df4043e361df17384b81"}}