{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR","short_pith_number":"pith:6RMNY6CF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.7676","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-01-29T21:00:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"88479a908e45424f016d3242283e1aadbdf0bf32c398aee84f67c4923ae2c93f","abstract_canon_sha256":"0b534e621526d7f96ef57cc5e2186d173286df5fc875595740e6c1629a3d0ada"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f458dc7845f25bbbf2aa748634b57c9c4766db16ee8ed314f4c8a554fd370254","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1401.7676","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.7676","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.7676v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.7676","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6RMNY6CF6JN3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6RMNY6CF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.7676","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-01-29T21:00:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"88479a908e45424f016d3242283e1aadbdf0bf32c398aee84f67c4923ae2c93f","abstract_canon_sha256":"0b534e621526d7f96ef57cc5e2186d173286df5fc875595740e6c1629a3d0ada"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f458dc7845f25bbbf2aa748634b57c9c4766db16ee8ed314f4c8a554fd370254","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54.756307Z","signature_b64":"jaoWOPNoFf07Xo1M3pn5rOOesxuJjtNNbxRBnP2q7HLTx2ZCIgrXiRyMhX2fnJhxm+YmNvuwcZ6HndC4/aWpDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f458dc7845f25bbbf2aa748634b57c9c4766db16ee8ed314f4c8a554fd370254","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54.755518Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54.755518Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1401.7676","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"beDVdUT32e0GVAr07EiL2ztFu4mOYP74fiU+xCIzLAcHicYqKBssz6PePbK7Ces9pysYCELjy+bQQpDJwLUzAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T23:19:09.387499Z"},"content_sha256":"978ca880d3ab86be91a325f6c7ab2b48e57e19909468dd055bc3315c749fbb24","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:978ca880d3ab86be91a325f6c7ab2b48e57e19909468dd055bc3315c749fbb24"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Evolution in the Escape Fraction of Ionizing Photons and the Decline in Strong Lya Emission from z>6 Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Andrei Mesinger (SNS Pisa), Laura Pentericci (INAF), Mark Dijkstra (ITA Oslo/MPA), Stuart Wyithe (Melbourne), Zoltan Haiman (Columbia)","submitted_at":"2014-01-29T21:00:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"The rapid decline in the number of strong Lyman Alpha (Lya) emitting galaxies at z > 6 provides evidence for neutral hydrogen in the IGM, but is difficult to explain with plausible models for reionization. We demonstrate that the observed reduction in Lya flux from galaxies at z > 6 can be explained by evolution in the escape fraction of ionizing photons, f_esc. We find that the median observed drop in the fraction of galaxies showing strong Lya emission, as well as the observed evolution of the Lya luminosity function both follow from a small increase in f_esc of Delta f_esc ~ 0.1 from f_esc "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.7676","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6CPg2G5kYk5eSNkKu0fMi3WgXFgKeuUTjkzzZR1nimOeS+xomUvszDA/u68Tim2KEOaeN8sWT+59hfecJJkuBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T23:19:09.387857Z"},"content_sha256":"6754a8ed8bf9589b16aa299f204ca1e6be8e0653ca7b66744ef02d19feb145c3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6754a8ed8bf9589b16aa299f204ca1e6be8e0653ca7b66744ef02d19feb145c3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T23:19:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VKOSDDJNL4TR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0b534e621526d7f96ef57cc5e2186d173286df5fc875595740e6c1629a3d0ada","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-01-29T21:00:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"88479a908e45424f016d3242283e1aadbdf0bf32c398aee84f67c4923ae2c93f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.7676","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.7676","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.7676v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.7676","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6RMNY6CF6JN3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6RMNY6CF6JN3X4VK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6RMNY6CF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6754a8ed8bf9589b16aa299f204ca1e6be8e0653ca7b66744ef02d19feb145c3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The rapid decline in the number of strong Lyman Alpha (Lya) emitting galaxies at z > 6 provides evidence for neutral hydrogen in the IGM, but is difficult to explain with plausible models for reionization. We demonstrate that the observed reduction in Lya flux from galaxies at z > 6 can be explained by evolution in the escape fraction of ionizing photons, f_esc. We find that the median observed drop in the fraction of galaxies showing strong Lya emission, as well as the observed evolution of the Lya luminosity function both follow from a small increase in f_esc of Delta f_esc ~ 0.1 from f_esc ","authors_text":"Andrei Mesinger (SNS Pisa), Laura Pentericci (INAF), Mark Dijkstra (ITA Oslo/MPA), Stuart Wyithe (Melbourne), Zoltan Haiman (Columbia)","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-01-29T21:00:26Z","title":"Evolution in the Escape Fraction of Ionizing Photons and the Decline in Strong Lya Emission from z>6 Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.7676","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:978ca880d3ab86be91a325f6c7ab2b48e57e19909468dd055bc3315c749fbb24","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0b534e621526d7f96ef57cc5e2186d173286df5fc875595740e6c1629a3d0ada","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-01-29T21:00:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"88479a908e45424f016d3242283e1aadbdf0bf32c398aee84f67c4923ae2c93f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.7676","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f458dc7845f25bbbf2aa748634b57c9c4766db16ee8ed314f4c8a554fd370254","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f458dc7845f25bbbf2aa748634b57c9c4766db16ee8ed314f4c8a554fd370254","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54.755518Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54.755518Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jaoWOPNoFf07Xo1M3pn5rOOesxuJjtNNbxRBnP2q7HLTx2ZCIgrXiRyMhX2fnJhxm+YmNvuwcZ6HndC4/aWpDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:54.756307Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1401.7676","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:978ca880d3ab86be91a325f6c7ab2b48e57e19909468dd055bc3315c749fbb24","sha256:6754a8ed8bf9589b16aa299f204ca1e6be8e0653ca7b66744ef02d19feb145c3"],"state_sha256":"064edb9d0429533a6736a97608b0395bcbf0b427b4c3b25940a7179178340b9f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AvzBeAJEJ+qYE3FV+j6nSjCNs5YT1SvxLSpbW3o4XB8UWOJC+9+dGqft4n1wu7WqP75UnB81VSssDU/E/nrSCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T23:19:09.389871Z","bundle_sha256":"26b7041d3b2dcdfaeb210c41225bfc14eeebc7583923131c28b387e367fc1541"}}