{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66","short_pith_number":"pith:6TMALY2F","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2110.05164","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-11T11:21:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99098afae2af102fcb1e1a1151da26f31677d362806c2a056852ea6975178288","abstract_canon_sha256":"a5f9b78d73ab8ca4a9ff4fd573aa9265c16c82167dd773d2771de8d08015e841"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f4d805e345f64d6d2088514d53dfb5f789b02618b7b498d5e054f6bf4e49d2e8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2110.05164","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.05164","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.05164v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.05164","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6TMALY2F6ZGW","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEI","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6TMALY2F","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2110.05164","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-11T11:21:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99098afae2af102fcb1e1a1151da26f31677d362806c2a056852ea6975178288","abstract_canon_sha256":"a5f9b78d73ab8ca4a9ff4fd573aa9265c16c82167dd773d2771de8d08015e841"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f4d805e345f64d6d2088514d53dfb5f789b02618b7b498d5e054f6bf4e49d2e8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26.119709Z","signature_b64":"9QIP3OwnS+my4iGh7HHIiLglPSXTHPUW7Ahcm5xOeDXyZp7CG+OJ9xmpgNeX6eUGc3yzSUEnaDCJYLgdTeZ0Cw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f4d805e345f64d6d2088514d53dfb5f789b02618b7b498d5e054f6bf4e49d2e8","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26.119173Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26.119173Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2110.05164","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QRwlxVTYJjS5JO/17MtiHjBvgGwh0eH38ytYYh48gWakI4Cu1FuR2ueoVKkvYP/70f9jWIdBiZm36z6vRTXBDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T01:10:23.279152Z"},"content_sha256":"ea10241365ab29d5e253aa762d99090d385597e639b8787749ab1753eed2c0d0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ea10241365ab29d5e253aa762d99090d385597e639b8787749ab1753eed2c0d0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ethical Assurance: A practical approach to the responsible design, development, and deployment of data-driven technologies","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CY","authors_text":"Christopher Burr, David Leslie","submitted_at":"2021-10-11T11:21:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"This article offers several contributions to the interdisciplinary project of responsible research and innovation in data science and AI. First, it provides a critical analysis of current efforts to establish practical mechanisms for algorithmic assessment, which are used to operationalise normative principles, such as sustainability, accountability, transparency, fairness, and explainability, in order to identify limitations and gaps with the current approaches. Second, it provides an accessible introduction to the methodology of argument-based assurance, and explores how it is currently bein"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.05164","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2110.05164/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a5oZQ+DTasHMyh/OPV597qkEf/VI3FkFBLuZ8gtipnFIgY7znWX9uPytGB3LRupSoQnOEaEjSUUK4NvY4ep2CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T01:10:23.279692Z"},"content_sha256":"91682689bd676b2fd088e69370612050d31d52f1aa0c4953ab38e57d80bf6fb7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91682689bd676b2fd088e69370612050d31d52f1aa0c4953ab38e57d80bf6fb7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T01:10:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEIKFGVHX5V66","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a5f9b78d73ab8ca4a9ff4fd573aa9265c16c82167dd773d2771de8d08015e841","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-11T11:21:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"99098afae2af102fcb1e1a1151da26f31677d362806c2a056852ea6975178288"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.05164","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.05164","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.05164v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.05164","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6TMALY2F6ZGW","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6TMALY2F6ZGW2IEI","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6TMALY2F","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:91682689bd676b2fd088e69370612050d31d52f1aa0c4953ab38e57d80bf6fb7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2110.05164/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This article offers several contributions to the interdisciplinary project of responsible research and innovation in data science and AI. First, it provides a critical analysis of current efforts to establish practical mechanisms for algorithmic assessment, which are used to operationalise normative principles, such as sustainability, accountability, transparency, fairness, and explainability, in order to identify limitations and gaps with the current approaches. Second, it provides an accessible introduction to the methodology of argument-based assurance, and explores how it is currently bein","authors_text":"Christopher Burr, David Leslie","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-11T11:21:49Z","title":"Ethical Assurance: A practical approach to the responsible design, development, and deployment of data-driven technologies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.05164","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ea10241365ab29d5e253aa762d99090d385597e639b8787749ab1753eed2c0d0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a5f9b78d73ab8ca4a9ff4fd573aa9265c16c82167dd773d2771de8d08015e841","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-11T11:21:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"99098afae2af102fcb1e1a1151da26f31677d362806c2a056852ea6975178288"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.05164","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f4d805e345f64d6d2088514d53dfb5f789b02618b7b498d5e054f6bf4e49d2e8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f4d805e345f64d6d2088514d53dfb5f789b02618b7b498d5e054f6bf4e49d2e8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26.119173Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26.119173Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"9QIP3OwnS+my4iGh7HHIiLglPSXTHPUW7Ahcm5xOeDXyZp7CG+OJ9xmpgNeX6eUGc3yzSUEnaDCJYLgdTeZ0Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:21:26.119709Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2110.05164","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ea10241365ab29d5e253aa762d99090d385597e639b8787749ab1753eed2c0d0","sha256:91682689bd676b2fd088e69370612050d31d52f1aa0c4953ab38e57d80bf6fb7"],"state_sha256":"4c6197749e5d485ead0c267bc4058b0a51e6f132fefa327bba5fa7ceed819cf8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gRpzXnqZENN6WQnu7TwbGnEbQfomQKoFbPa9GfAlboLTdijT7FAGBpWEf/5d+pXPf+2tVM6BSPvLF6M+L3KTAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T01:10:23.285447Z","bundle_sha256":"929b4879106181c24b3b089af0aaa8dea0f0008aac0e8f58c29ed8ddebb02357"}}