{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:6VBO575FCLILAC23QHTJ6XSOLC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3cf846b2591c14c674961956f728a934dcff6640a8bf03e43cf136a5fa238fd4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-07-27T13:47:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f4f80fd10f9ea5ec82c7398a7d6c828bc567f81016ddad1d1cb10aaa2121bec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.19258","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.19258","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.19258v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.19258","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6VBO575FCLIL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6VBO575FCLILAC23","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6VBO575F","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fcd0dfba97bb6c9335658c2a8610adab671b5d83479f3e4993d8051087a627df","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2407.19258/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Artificial neural networks (ANNs), particularly those employing deep learning models, have found widespread application in fields such as computer vision, signal processing, and wireless communications, where complex numbers are crucial. Despite the prevailing use of real-number implementations in current ANN frameworks, there is a growing interest in developing ANNs that utilize complex numbers. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs), focusing on their activation functions (AFs) and learning algorithms. We delve into the ext","authors_text":"M. M. Hammad","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-07-27T13:47:16Z","title":"Comprehensive Survey of Complex-Valued Neural Networks: Insights into Backpropagation and Activation Functions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.19258","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e53f52cce4c008463a51d46787f12e8fe7d6eaf83cb1946f3776a42a373024a6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3cf846b2591c14c674961956f728a934dcff6640a8bf03e43cf136a5fa238fd4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-07-27T13:47:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f4f80fd10f9ea5ec82c7398a7d6c828bc567f81016ddad1d1cb10aaa2121bec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.19258","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f542eeffa512d0b00b5b81e69f5e4e58b21943fe98b2c0973ed0f33dfe25da3c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f542eeffa512d0b00b5b81e69f5e4e58b21943fe98b2c0973ed0f33dfe25da3c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16.501089Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16.501089Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nnp0d36dZ4Bh7AaJckEbEeuN5kuQPzbBBJT6GqcDZl/MZ1PyrxoDzYfk3IPGTZUAGgjlADD/m+vEvi7tiEpwDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:16.501459Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2407.19258","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e53f52cce4c008463a51d46787f12e8fe7d6eaf83cb1946f3776a42a373024a6","sha256:fcd0dfba97bb6c9335658c2a8610adab671b5d83479f3e4993d8051087a627df"],"state_sha256":"9b84d0878e4351a9516db99e36713bedf3a3dfd0ed79a5b794f5254378742816"}