{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR","short_pith_number":"pith:6ZY4U7GG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.05068","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2026-05-06T16:02:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"13b2a58fd2f47b88af6a11699f9c4a27a7d2b01d388186f61f35e564a47cc63c","abstract_canon_sha256":"ac43b06495df867a846ee499f61a34318ce24a672563847289ffdd53ea61c3f0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f671ca7cc65e07a60069df4c931cd52c783316584a784af9f03df79f0b6e5cb0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.05068","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.05068","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.05068v2","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.05068","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6ZY4U7GGLYD2","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6ZY4U7GG","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.05068","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2026-05-06T16:02:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"13b2a58fd2f47b88af6a11699f9c4a27a7d2b01d388186f61f35e564a47cc63c","abstract_canon_sha256":"ac43b06495df867a846ee499f61a34318ce24a672563847289ffdd53ea61c3f0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f671ca7cc65e07a60069df4c931cd52c783316584a784af9f03df79f0b6e5cb0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21.774131Z","signature_b64":"IJs3J2i+yKLJmMyAdllHUyBkNOUEQDDmJYgZvHr5JGu8IaeSPNh21lry56mbO0T4ddeqTs1huyfyjJg3Sdy8DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f671ca7cc65e07a60069df4c931cd52c783316584a784af9f03df79f0b6e5cb0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21.773281Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21.773281Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.05068","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VRYaVX4ly15aLZvg53t27yN5iv1UI8Xb6G8utFd+6dU2jFYnkLXzIJ7cwn+w7kKhWNJgBbsqnqfGzDxYtm+YBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T00:36:26.768278Z"},"content_sha256":"2f12565635a56baa2d4f69303fa50a5cf2f6ed9a44fe298ba54de2fa0b7b0b1d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2f12565635a56baa2d4f69303fa50a5cf2f6ed9a44fe298ba54de2fa0b7b0b1d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The NUV transit of XO-3 b","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"NUV transit of hot Jupiter XO-3b is 30-70% deeper than optical and arrives 22 minutes late.","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Akihiko Fukui, George W. King, James T. Sikora, Jiayin Dong, Juliette Becker, Kohei Miyakawa, Lia Corrales, Lisa Dang, Raven Cilley, Robert Frazier, Teruyuki Hirano","submitted_at":"2026-05-06T16:02:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Near-UV (NUV) measurements of exoplanet transits offer a means to probe atmospheric escape, cloud formation, and planetary magnetic fields. We examine a 2024 XMM-Newton Optical Monitor NUV observation of the transit of XO-3~b, a massive hot Jupiter on an eccentric orbit with a previously observed abnormally large NUV-absorbing atmosphere. We analyze this NUV data jointly with a concurrent ground-based optical observation and all TESS transit observations, and find a NUV transit depth of $R_{p,NUV}/R_{\\star} = 0.1371^{+0.016}_{-0.019}$, which is 30-70% deeper than the optical transit. Although "},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"We find a NUV transit depth of Rp,NUV/R⋆ = 0.1371+0.016−0.019, which is 30-70% deeper than the optical transit. The transit center in the NUV is 22+13−11 minutes late compared to the optical ephemeris.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"That the observed NUV depth increase and late timing offset arise from atmospheric or bow-shock effects, given that the derived mass-loss rate is extremely small (~10^4 g/s) and the analytic magnetic model predicts an early rather than late transit.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"XO-3 b exhibits a 30-70% deeper NUV transit depth of 0.1371 and a 22-minute late center relative to the optical ephemeris, with an extremely low estimated mass-loss rate and a bow-shock model that predicts the opposite timing direction.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"NUV transit of hot Jupiter XO-3b is 30-70% deeper than optical and arrives 22 minutes late.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"46b6cc07e37b7a236017839ee44ea0f5a728904799abebc90844eed93b981c13"},"source":{"id":"2605.05068","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":"c96e2fea-1c17-4fc4-8dfa-b79f6a4ccd14","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-08T15:51:05.092287Z","strongest_claim":"We find a NUV transit depth of Rp,NUV/R⋆ = 0.1371+0.016−0.019, which is 30-70% deeper than the optical transit. The transit center in the NUV is 22+13−11 minutes late compared to the optical ephemeris.","one_line_summary":"XO-3 b exhibits a 30-70% deeper NUV transit depth of 0.1371 and a 22-minute late center relative to the optical ephemeris, with an extremely low estimated mass-loss rate and a bow-shock model that predicts the opposite timing direction.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"That the observed NUV depth increase and late timing offset arise from atmospheric or bow-shock effects, given that the derived mass-loss rate is extremely small (~10^4 g/s) and the analytic magnetic model predicts an early rather than late transit.","pith_extraction_headline":"NUV transit of hot Jupiter XO-3b is 30-70% deeper than optical and arrives 22 minutes late."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.05068/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[{"name":"ai_meta_artifact","ran_at":"2026-05-20T10:38:01.598527Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"doi_title_agreement","ran_at":"2026-05-19T21:31:19.681990Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"doi_compliance","ran_at":"2026-05-19T13:52:10.004804Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0}],"snapshot_sha256":"da302149ca2d787ac4bd3de1c5e9dae832fcb8a5620c2ade8c3904cedcfa63ef"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":"c96e2fea-1c17-4fc4-8dfa-b79f6a4ccd14"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WwvreohzICP4nUtHqKWxh7nuRajOOduGt1i3g8yGnCAJUzYvZ0OtHZUH3fERVLWMIu+ZcjdiDmb3Swlk814YBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T00:36:26.768879Z"},"content_sha256":"aff38e9c3c3f3369b328234667994b1d2df33bae4d161e9bee8fa75a58ef92e9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aff38e9c3c3f3369b328234667994b1d2df33bae4d161e9bee8fa75a58ef92e9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T00:36:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ35GJGHGVFR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ac43b06495df867a846ee499f61a34318ce24a672563847289ffdd53ea61c3f0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2026-05-06T16:02:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"13b2a58fd2f47b88af6a11699f9c4a27a7d2b01d388186f61f35e564a47cc63c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.05068","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.05068","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.05068v2","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.05068","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"6ZY4U7GGLYD2","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"6ZY4U7GGLYD2MADJ","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"6ZY4U7GG","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:aff38e9c3c3f3369b328234667994b1d2df33bae4d161e9bee8fa75a58ef92e9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C1","kind":"strongest_claim","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","text":"We find a NUV transit depth of Rp,NUV/R⋆ = 0.1371+0.016−0.019, which is 30-70% deeper than the optical transit. The transit center in the NUV is 22+13−11 minutes late compared to the optical ephemeris."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C2","kind":"weakest_assumption","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","text":"That the observed NUV depth increase and late timing offset arise from atmospheric or bow-shock effects, given that the derived mass-loss rate is extremely small (~10^4 g/s) and the analytic magnetic model predicts an early rather than late transit."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C3","kind":"one_line_summary","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","text":"XO-3 b exhibits a 30-70% deeper NUV transit depth of 0.1371 and a 22-minute late center relative to the optical ephemeris, with an extremely low estimated mass-loss rate and a bow-shock model that predicts the opposite timing direction."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C4","kind":"headline","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","text":"NUV transit of hot Jupiter XO-3b is 30-70% deeper than optical and arrives 22 minutes late."}],"snapshot_sha256":"46b6cc07e37b7a236017839ee44ea0f5a728904799abebc90844eed93b981c13"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[{"findings_count":0,"name":"ai_meta_artifact","ran_at":"2026-05-20T10:38:01.598527Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0"},{"findings_count":0,"name":"doi_title_agreement","ran_at":"2026-05-19T21:31:19.681990Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0"},{"findings_count":0,"name":"doi_compliance","ran_at":"2026-05-19T13:52:10.004804Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0"}],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.05068/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"da302149ca2d787ac4bd3de1c5e9dae832fcb8a5620c2ade8c3904cedcfa63ef","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Near-UV (NUV) measurements of exoplanet transits offer a means to probe atmospheric escape, cloud formation, and planetary magnetic fields. We examine a 2024 XMM-Newton Optical Monitor NUV observation of the transit of XO-3~b, a massive hot Jupiter on an eccentric orbit with a previously observed abnormally large NUV-absorbing atmosphere. We analyze this NUV data jointly with a concurrent ground-based optical observation and all TESS transit observations, and find a NUV transit depth of $R_{p,NUV}/R_{\\star} = 0.1371^{+0.016}_{-0.019}$, which is 30-70% deeper than the optical transit. Although ","authors_text":"Akihiko Fukui, George W. King, James T. Sikora, Jiayin Dong, Juliette Becker, Kohei Miyakawa, Lia Corrales, Lisa Dang, Raven Cilley, Robert Frazier, Teruyuki Hirano","cross_cats":[],"headline":"NUV transit of hot Jupiter XO-3b is 30-70% deeper than optical and arrives 22 minutes late.","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2026-05-06T16:02:32Z","title":"The NUV transit of XO-3 b"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.05068","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":"2026-05-08T15:51:05.092287Z","id":"c96e2fea-1c17-4fc4-8dfa-b79f6a4ccd14","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"one_line_summary":"XO-3 b exhibits a 30-70% deeper NUV transit depth of 0.1371 and a 22-minute late center relative to the optical ephemeris, with an extremely low estimated mass-loss rate and a bow-shock model that predicts the opposite timing direction.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","pith_extraction_headline":"NUV transit of hot Jupiter XO-3b is 30-70% deeper than optical and arrives 22 minutes late.","strongest_claim":"We find a NUV transit depth of Rp,NUV/R⋆ = 0.1371+0.016−0.019, which is 30-70% deeper than the optical transit. The transit center in the NUV is 22+13−11 minutes late compared to the optical ephemeris.","weakest_assumption":"That the observed NUV depth increase and late timing offset arise from atmospheric or bow-shock effects, given that the derived mass-loss rate is extremely small (~10^4 g/s) and the analytic magnetic model predicts an early rather than late transit."}},"verdict_id":"c96e2fea-1c17-4fc4-8dfa-b79f6a4ccd14"}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2f12565635a56baa2d4f69303fa50a5cf2f6ed9a44fe298ba54de2fa0b7b0b1d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ac43b06495df867a846ee499f61a34318ce24a672563847289ffdd53ea61c3f0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2026-05-06T16:02:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"13b2a58fd2f47b88af6a11699f9c4a27a7d2b01d388186f61f35e564a47cc63c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.05068","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f671ca7cc65e07a60069df4c931cd52c783316584a784af9f03df79f0b6e5cb0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f671ca7cc65e07a60069df4c931cd52c783316584a784af9f03df79f0b6e5cb0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21.773281Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21.773281Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IJs3J2i+yKLJmMyAdllHUyBkNOUEQDDmJYgZvHr5JGu8IaeSPNh21lry56mbO0T4ddeqTs1huyfyjJg3Sdy8DQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:21.774131Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.05068","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2f12565635a56baa2d4f69303fa50a5cf2f6ed9a44fe298ba54de2fa0b7b0b1d","sha256:aff38e9c3c3f3369b328234667994b1d2df33bae4d161e9bee8fa75a58ef92e9"],"state_sha256":"5d2244cab8de993b5396e090a6a50522da83e85bc48930e3516b46292cbf7944"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Kfov/xV2zQcRdFwjE6Of+Cz6ZIPgfUm6azl/MyzqvTM2Cfwl4f6cjyPT04/FS/DFfORSW55MMNY2O/uA92nyBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T00:36:26.771479Z","bundle_sha256":"939e5a3ac2bf3472d53cadc1fc1f8ec1e9e6c3d2d38f4c56c95a993a64383d12"}}