{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH","short_pith_number":"pith:72UBTZG2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1105.5032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2011-05-25T14:12:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CC","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"9f80b3c3fef94b6470d48363488c0e80ba7ad11788b2f2fc73399397745a343c","abstract_canon_sha256":"a2124fcd6030b39b2635afad98114082b10bbb84de5d71374555baa1c64c7509"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fea819e4da5c8fcd87cb910dfb03d019fea54cda071d7836a200d072e335819f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1105.5032","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1105.5032","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1105.5032v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1105.5032","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"72UBTZG2LSH4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"72UBTZG2LSH43B6L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"72UBTZG2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1105.5032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2011-05-25T14:12:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CC","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"9f80b3c3fef94b6470d48363488c0e80ba7ad11788b2f2fc73399397745a343c","abstract_canon_sha256":"a2124fcd6030b39b2635afad98114082b10bbb84de5d71374555baa1c64c7509"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fea819e4da5c8fcd87cb910dfb03d019fea54cda071d7836a200d072e335819f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45.978130Z","signature_b64":"ZLX8mnnfn9UrLe1peTDLC4x2cnfRHzo9WCTzNP5hlaE3uZeyma4gac4xTcv2ch2WTPKSMRnZ3n9Icsm0cMzHBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fea819e4da5c8fcd87cb910dfb03d019fea54cda071d7836a200d072e335819f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45.977629Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45.977629Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1105.5032","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fa9BLe0A4sDO+D2BFxML2TnP13lUb2c5t+NBYyKxERaHzUCcztoUW3W/Vk1tELTxH1sVM+GMyfM37owct791CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:16:56.395115Z"},"content_sha256":"4385babb162f9ce71704ceeec9bd7ed2f02c841313458ba67ab6a7ac90708a46","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4385babb162f9ce71704ceeec9bd7ed2f02c841313458ba67ab6a7ac90708a46"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Complexity of Manipulative Attacks in Nearly Single-Peaked Electorates","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CC","cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.GT","authors_text":"Edith Hemaspaandra, Lane A. Hemaspaandra, Piotr Faliszewski","submitted_at":"2011-05-25T14:12:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"Many electoral bribery, control, and manipulation problems (which we will refer to in general as \"manipulative actions\" problems) are NP-hard in the general case. It has recently been noted that many of these problems fall into polynomial time if the electorate is single-peaked (i.e., is polarized along some axis/issue). However, real-world electorates are not truly single-peaked. There are usually some mavericks, and so real-world electorates tend to merely be nearly single-peaked. This paper studies the complexity of manipulative-action algorithms for elections over nearly single-peaked elec"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1105.5032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"n3C57anglS5KQ/WRnWxVOI1ZfgP+XnxdnKwrvTWiRlabq9HNPbqEUOBjolDAUYQhKk5A58kZTwuuEgT+X1Y0Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:16:56.395827Z"},"content_sha256":"79033d71db247b46d8d43e718430242597552b92732baf33cc02b72d0edd78da","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:79033d71db247b46d8d43e718430242597552b92732baf33cc02b72d0edd78da"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T23:16:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:72UBTZG2LSH43B6LSEG7WA6QDH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a2124fcd6030b39b2635afad98114082b10bbb84de5d71374555baa1c64c7509","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CC","cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2011-05-25T14:12:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f80b3c3fef94b6470d48363488c0e80ba7ad11788b2f2fc73399397745a343c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1105.5032","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1105.5032","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1105.5032v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1105.5032","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"72UBTZG2LSH4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"72UBTZG2LSH43B6L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"72UBTZG2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:79033d71db247b46d8d43e718430242597552b92732baf33cc02b72d0edd78da","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Many electoral bribery, control, and manipulation problems (which we will refer to in general as \"manipulative actions\" problems) are NP-hard in the general case. It has recently been noted that many of these problems fall into polynomial time if the electorate is single-peaked (i.e., is polarized along some axis/issue). However, real-world electorates are not truly single-peaked. There are usually some mavericks, and so real-world electorates tend to merely be nearly single-peaked. This paper studies the complexity of manipulative-action algorithms for elections over nearly single-peaked elec","authors_text":"Edith Hemaspaandra, Lane A. Hemaspaandra, Piotr Faliszewski","cross_cats":["cs.CC","cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2011-05-25T14:12:06Z","title":"The Complexity of Manipulative Attacks in Nearly Single-Peaked Electorates"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1105.5032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4385babb162f9ce71704ceeec9bd7ed2f02c841313458ba67ab6a7ac90708a46","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a2124fcd6030b39b2635afad98114082b10bbb84de5d71374555baa1c64c7509","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CC","cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2011-05-25T14:12:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f80b3c3fef94b6470d48363488c0e80ba7ad11788b2f2fc73399397745a343c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1105.5032","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"fea819e4da5c8fcd87cb910dfb03d019fea54cda071d7836a200d072e335819f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fea819e4da5c8fcd87cb910dfb03d019fea54cda071d7836a200d072e335819f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45.977629Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45.977629Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZLX8mnnfn9UrLe1peTDLC4x2cnfRHzo9WCTzNP5hlaE3uZeyma4gac4xTcv2ch2WTPKSMRnZ3n9Icsm0cMzHBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:51:45.978130Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1105.5032","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4385babb162f9ce71704ceeec9bd7ed2f02c841313458ba67ab6a7ac90708a46","sha256:79033d71db247b46d8d43e718430242597552b92732baf33cc02b72d0edd78da"],"state_sha256":"2e518268adfd5b95ad790d900342d637a7e9d1e1120756bbe189515775974b35"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mwPbe4AtcCAB60IG/FbHg1dj9fQFZP1iUGV8SpwhQ2jBrvkQ7rGl3MAatxubHkyvk2sqpRhkGu3D5lWPKeBKDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:16:56.399486Z","bundle_sha256":"45968b2be8dc1631bc02569a995c49e9bd4db98fa8ab4305024f66022e78f466"}}