{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI","short_pith_number":"pith:73R6SQ7Z","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.09357","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-08-28T15:28:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c89f2e08f07e7169d192aac633e3cbe71837c6d5ae4804030437ed1e7d7d28fe","abstract_canon_sha256":"24b1237e0b219bfcbab7521f6782d58920e3d439bb73f2b51ef321eef512930f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fee3e943f9f6efd35db56444362fdc8a2df6dbfc64eefbbc053658a255a010b0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1808.09357","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.09357","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.09357v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.09357","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"73R6SQ7Z63X5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"73R6SQ7Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.09357","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-08-28T15:28:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c89f2e08f07e7169d192aac633e3cbe71837c6d5ae4804030437ed1e7d7d28fe","abstract_canon_sha256":"24b1237e0b219bfcbab7521f6782d58920e3d439bb73f2b51ef321eef512930f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fee3e943f9f6efd35db56444362fdc8a2df6dbfc64eefbbc053658a255a010b0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01.608555Z","signature_b64":"5Fk7xc/KLYP/+qfHWN5adsMFawOhDpdIa4hJMnRXbl7OXTZLlNioUdC+PLPBE6jfPZpz1UbbLNxMY5tEvVIdAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fee3e943f9f6efd35db56444362fdc8a2df6dbfc64eefbbc053658a255a010b0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01.607884Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01.607884Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1808.09357","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sx2AShZhQ788/uHFfWtP4zzTVbD2bWcf6QF4qxui6dbO0rmkJZZ+ZsvOJypFdOjpkr7nw88PrIf0aUmS0FGXBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:39:36.459333Z"},"content_sha256":"8d211be501064e3d285f0dc4ef1babbeed6c0fe7431d97a5b05fd9410b3585d7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8d211be501064e3d285f0dc4ef1babbeed6c0fe7431d97a5b05fd9410b3585d7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rational Recurrences","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Hao Peng, Noah A. Smith, Roy Schwartz, Sam Thomson","submitted_at":"2018-08-28T15:28:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Despite the tremendous empirical success of neural models in natural language processing, many of them lack the strong intuitions that accompany classical machine learning approaches. Recently, connections have been shown between convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and weighted finite state automata (WFSAs), leading to new interpretations and insights. In this work, we show that some recurrent neural networks also share this connection to WFSAs. We characterize this connection formally, defining rational recurrences to be recurrent hidden state update functions that can be written as the Forw"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.09357","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"n3CgDO6J6sjx8hSOAAGcMNYtu4+RWfClZagz8vcVcSfCLDh9lQfg3J3bMaHVgxUdWuZXvd3coPH5g38Ej4x4BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:39:36.459984Z"},"content_sha256":"01d53d234d1c173e5273f77e608806ef53af1f96310dced8c625cab25d7478ac","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:01d53d234d1c173e5273f77e608806ef53af1f96310dced8c625cab25d7478ac"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T01:39:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNVMRCDML64RI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"24b1237e0b219bfcbab7521f6782d58920e3d439bb73f2b51ef321eef512930f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-08-28T15:28:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"c89f2e08f07e7169d192aac633e3cbe71837c6d5ae4804030437ed1e7d7d28fe"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.09357","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.09357","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.09357v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.09357","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"73R6SQ7Z63X5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"73R6SQ7Z63X5GXNV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"73R6SQ7Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:01d53d234d1c173e5273f77e608806ef53af1f96310dced8c625cab25d7478ac","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Despite the tremendous empirical success of neural models in natural language processing, many of them lack the strong intuitions that accompany classical machine learning approaches. Recently, connections have been shown between convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and weighted finite state automata (WFSAs), leading to new interpretations and insights. In this work, we show that some recurrent neural networks also share this connection to WFSAs. We characterize this connection formally, defining rational recurrences to be recurrent hidden state update functions that can be written as the Forw","authors_text":"Hao Peng, Noah A. Smith, Roy Schwartz, Sam Thomson","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-08-28T15:28:25Z","title":"Rational Recurrences"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.09357","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8d211be501064e3d285f0dc4ef1babbeed6c0fe7431d97a5b05fd9410b3585d7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"24b1237e0b219bfcbab7521f6782d58920e3d439bb73f2b51ef321eef512930f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2018-08-28T15:28:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"c89f2e08f07e7169d192aac633e3cbe71837c6d5ae4804030437ed1e7d7d28fe"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.09357","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fee3e943f9f6efd35db56444362fdc8a2df6dbfc64eefbbc053658a255a010b0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fee3e943f9f6efd35db56444362fdc8a2df6dbfc64eefbbc053658a255a010b0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01.607884Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01.607884Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5Fk7xc/KLYP/+qfHWN5adsMFawOhDpdIa4hJMnRXbl7OXTZLlNioUdC+PLPBE6jfPZpz1UbbLNxMY5tEvVIdAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:01.608555Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1808.09357","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8d211be501064e3d285f0dc4ef1babbeed6c0fe7431d97a5b05fd9410b3585d7","sha256:01d53d234d1c173e5273f77e608806ef53af1f96310dced8c625cab25d7478ac"],"state_sha256":"60c710a248ec2c9455e907a306e14c5ca5ed8f2b79c4c2056a779200301151f0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qhld+OZgGEGRyaepVA5JRWUPchB7LlfdZP428eNuCn+WFDHvWDjRvWvS/aPSQpt75rgU8S1JX02JJN4x2qQiBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:39:36.463132Z","bundle_sha256":"bf6a5645f9d62abb4176ceec386e675ae811de7fc212db769fcc90e2a660a9e5"}}