{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW","short_pith_number":"pith:74JKPBJF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.2398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2012-11-11T11:25:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"495ee01d5f22cf81fb7cfa96f239901e9b9281145745f2facaf21cbe8f922b61","abstract_canon_sha256":"0ac55787d08e2f7dfeb5d01e837be35428d857c9a97b7c07a95dedf1662c08ff"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ff12a785252384a48103379b9d833e65961a36a8fb8cab2eb56e558c1cd07f36","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1211.2398","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.2398","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.2398v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.2398","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"74JKPBJFEOCK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"74JKPBJFEOCKJAID","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"74JKPBJF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.2398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2012-11-11T11:25:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"495ee01d5f22cf81fb7cfa96f239901e9b9281145745f2facaf21cbe8f922b61","abstract_canon_sha256":"0ac55787d08e2f7dfeb5d01e837be35428d857c9a97b7c07a95dedf1662c08ff"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ff12a785252384a48103379b9d833e65961a36a8fb8cab2eb56e558c1cd07f36","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03.478674Z","signature_b64":"Uvw5t1FOSu7toNqfi9pc/Q6bdvIbvb9wpiGjtBb5UM6Q2W4u0pFmKXOY266PxVQ6wSUfR7FxwgAkSMp+fojICg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ff12a785252384a48103379b9d833e65961a36a8fb8cab2eb56e558c1cd07f36","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03.477725Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03.477725Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1211.2398","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tIovCbwKf46NSwz/REg0Oan/FA2W1RZNkAgVaxZ/5elpCSOJyRgkC35rRH3pmNPXDkMhtarij1Ny5aPgXC+tBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:23:24.511065Z"},"content_sha256":"f28a72e95b576e56390409c43b93e1750a9b105559b060840759d3ba42925254","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f28a72e95b576e56390409c43b93e1750a9b105559b060840759d3ba42925254"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Government Initiatives: The Missing Key for E-commerce Growth in KSA","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CY","authors_text":"Rayed AlGhamdi, Salem Alkhalaf, Steve Drew","submitted_at":"2012-11-11T11:25:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper explores the issues that influence online retailing in Saudi Arabia. Retailers in Saudi Arabia have been reserved in their adoption of electronically delivered aspects of their business. Despite the fact that Saudi Arabia has the largest and fastest growth of ICT marketplaces in the Arab region, e-commerce activities are not progressing at the same speed. Only very few Saudi companies, mostly medium and large companies from the manufacturing sector, are involved in e-commerce implementation. Based on qualitative data collected by conducting interviews with 16 retailers and 16 potent"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.2398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"arXQ1yZA3ET3GnzoUqRmfCETfguTyj91+Pfs7bflqni08GV1wS3VB/FgmU6M+Zwo0vCMdVReAd7H3wH8TptiAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:23:24.511748Z"},"content_sha256":"4f59d4de21c741b6a8f67323120fdd55b9db5368250d9183d621902166ff6273","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4f59d4de21c741b6a8f67323120fdd55b9db5368250d9183d621902166ff6273"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T20:23:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:74JKPBJFEOCKJAIDG6NZ3AZ6MW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0ac55787d08e2f7dfeb5d01e837be35428d857c9a97b7c07a95dedf1662c08ff","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2012-11-11T11:25:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"495ee01d5f22cf81fb7cfa96f239901e9b9281145745f2facaf21cbe8f922b61"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.2398","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.2398","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.2398v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.2398","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"74JKPBJFEOCK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"74JKPBJFEOCKJAID","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"74JKPBJF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4f59d4de21c741b6a8f67323120fdd55b9db5368250d9183d621902166ff6273","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper explores the issues that influence online retailing in Saudi Arabia. Retailers in Saudi Arabia have been reserved in their adoption of electronically delivered aspects of their business. Despite the fact that Saudi Arabia has the largest and fastest growth of ICT marketplaces in the Arab region, e-commerce activities are not progressing at the same speed. Only very few Saudi companies, mostly medium and large companies from the manufacturing sector, are involved in e-commerce implementation. Based on qualitative data collected by conducting interviews with 16 retailers and 16 potent","authors_text":"Rayed AlGhamdi, Salem Alkhalaf, Steve Drew","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2012-11-11T11:25:07Z","title":"Government Initiatives: The Missing Key for E-commerce Growth in KSA"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.2398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f28a72e95b576e56390409c43b93e1750a9b105559b060840759d3ba42925254","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0ac55787d08e2f7dfeb5d01e837be35428d857c9a97b7c07a95dedf1662c08ff","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2012-11-11T11:25:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"495ee01d5f22cf81fb7cfa96f239901e9b9281145745f2facaf21cbe8f922b61"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.2398","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ff12a785252384a48103379b9d833e65961a36a8fb8cab2eb56e558c1cd07f36","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ff12a785252384a48103379b9d833e65961a36a8fb8cab2eb56e558c1cd07f36","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03.477725Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03.477725Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Uvw5t1FOSu7toNqfi9pc/Q6bdvIbvb9wpiGjtBb5UM6Q2W4u0pFmKXOY266PxVQ6wSUfR7FxwgAkSMp+fojICg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:41:03.478674Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1211.2398","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f28a72e95b576e56390409c43b93e1750a9b105559b060840759d3ba42925254","sha256:4f59d4de21c741b6a8f67323120fdd55b9db5368250d9183d621902166ff6273"],"state_sha256":"bacadb1db84b00f8e25077eac4f07618b296a1210e5407cdeb2361bea62d4a25"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4v7WNHLP5auW7tvBr/nZNjR1VkOiiVsxJa0AB7aKo2wAmIts0bATjkDRWh7lVnCf0h5dsfhLh5A3s7fisOAOAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:23:24.515024Z","bundle_sha256":"c3c3340f348fffcd1094dd0a91b70bfda445baa42e1451e6f3fae421e02f7225"}}