{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG","short_pith_number":"pith:75LUXU7R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2301.10253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2023-01-24T19:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"246f2777c05ff2f9e15e301f39aa33a1d6a4a92da5dda335f3bd83db46a25c51","abstract_canon_sha256":"714444f2c7e82438af9bbe8995274c79085f310435237799577ccbd5f4ba3436"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ff574bd3f140e33e64590b0fd89c1e79b420be77cf101f918de244b4c1dbc029","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2301.10253","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2301.10253","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2301.10253v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2301.10253","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"75LUXU7RIDRT","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"75LUXU7R","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2301.10253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2023-01-24T19:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"246f2777c05ff2f9e15e301f39aa33a1d6a4a92da5dda335f3bd83db46a25c51","abstract_canon_sha256":"714444f2c7e82438af9bbe8995274c79085f310435237799577ccbd5f4ba3436"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ff574bd3f140e33e64590b0fd89c1e79b420be77cf101f918de244b4c1dbc029","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49.170047Z","signature_b64":"Mgzce05+a8WbYvZO6z/U7qeWxbCOzfjDO4QVkJJFdjRRg1fEMy7lB97uz7+mi/1CR4I2Jcj1CJW5LQDwzE63Bg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ff574bd3f140e33e64590b0fd89c1e79b420be77cf101f918de244b4c1dbc029","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49.169638Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49.169638Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2301.10253","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XO1iJSWVfFHF/TJ02cC8jYFvZlPLpzHZkQrpP9AYbezILqAnYvQKc+msc6UIfUOtSsy4VH7u6Tr/X/oNaqiBAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-21T03:48:45.515823Z"},"content_sha256":"c26942f1b42db3426d046418b5eeab23bb776844c49d690610ed8b972659b288","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c26942f1b42db3426d046418b5eeab23bb776844c49d690610ed8b972659b288"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Key Physical Processes in the Circumgalactic Medium","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere (Northwestern), S. Peng Oh (UCSB)","submitted_at":"2023-01-24T19:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Spurred by rich, multi-wavelength observations and enabled by new simulations, ranging from cosmological to sub-pc scales, the last decade has seen major theoretical progress in our understanding of the circumgalactic medium. We review key physical processes in the CGM. Our conclusions include: (1) The properties of the CGM depend on a competition between gravity-driven infall and gas cooling. When cooling is slow relative to free fall, the gas is hot (roughly virial temperature) whereas the gas is cold (T~10^4 K) when cooling is rapid. (2) Gas inflows and outflows play crucial roles, as does "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2301.10253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2301.10253/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pHN+DMXiR5ZmDqKBdahn4yhQVYBQf1SswLe1cU1ZvOfTnDdKSiOHUQt0UqoKsGrSL5mmEVO4BtWIZo0yCiIGCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-21T03:48:45.518039Z"},"content_sha256":"9dbec16bb124389108b1b398ac8485a79e7a8b120c816e5e400f98ff3c11750a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9dbec16bb124389108b1b398ac8485a79e7a8b120c816e5e400f98ff3c11750a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-21T03:48:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZBMH5RHA6PG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"714444f2c7e82438af9bbe8995274c79085f310435237799577ccbd5f4ba3436","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2023-01-24T19:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"246f2777c05ff2f9e15e301f39aa33a1d6a4a92da5dda335f3bd83db46a25c51"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2301.10253","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2301.10253","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2301.10253v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2301.10253","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"75LUXU7RIDRT","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"75LUXU7RIDRT4ZCZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"75LUXU7R","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9dbec16bb124389108b1b398ac8485a79e7a8b120c816e5e400f98ff3c11750a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2301.10253/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Spurred by rich, multi-wavelength observations and enabled by new simulations, ranging from cosmological to sub-pc scales, the last decade has seen major theoretical progress in our understanding of the circumgalactic medium. We review key physical processes in the CGM. Our conclusions include: (1) The properties of the CGM depend on a competition between gravity-driven infall and gas cooling. When cooling is slow relative to free fall, the gas is hot (roughly virial temperature) whereas the gas is cold (T~10^4 K) when cooling is rapid. (2) Gas inflows and outflows play crucial roles, as does ","authors_text":"Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere (Northwestern), S. Peng Oh (UCSB)","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2023-01-24T19:00:01Z","title":"Key Physical Processes in the Circumgalactic Medium"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2301.10253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c26942f1b42db3426d046418b5eeab23bb776844c49d690610ed8b972659b288","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"714444f2c7e82438af9bbe8995274c79085f310435237799577ccbd5f4ba3436","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2023-01-24T19:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"246f2777c05ff2f9e15e301f39aa33a1d6a4a92da5dda335f3bd83db46a25c51"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2301.10253","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ff574bd3f140e33e64590b0fd89c1e79b420be77cf101f918de244b4c1dbc029","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ff574bd3f140e33e64590b0fd89c1e79b420be77cf101f918de244b4c1dbc029","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49.169638Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49.169638Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Mgzce05+a8WbYvZO6z/U7qeWxbCOzfjDO4QVkJJFdjRRg1fEMy7lB97uz7+mi/1CR4I2Jcj1CJW5LQDwzE63Bg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:35:49.170047Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2301.10253","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c26942f1b42db3426d046418b5eeab23bb776844c49d690610ed8b972659b288","sha256:9dbec16bb124389108b1b398ac8485a79e7a8b120c816e5e400f98ff3c11750a"],"state_sha256":"4edaae1b9bd8992803752227b13c2f765ea6020a480dbd034df6e32489d58a86"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wFCNUWbW4BQpAOW90jJLM7e8xICnhbp6Np9dxVgaA/5VpPoV9av41MryRSU78jDyB1tWxohuIYeRNfi/nxIhBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-21T03:48:45.524359Z","bundle_sha256":"398a601ecbaf75ae0b035f0f876ac027f10c73dc0adc3e29ca50396854d2219b"}}