{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:75QLMDK3XVTRJNKULP5LL6B2XY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"438c6de20aad7a22e8fce2d68e0b030e2123c5b36a9e727ec926b5ba3eea1ff2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-02-22T08:36:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"7fabf85410c18957306b24f489a529b3d602486864d14dfc6fbbb85524937cb3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.16143","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.16143","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.16143v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.16143","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"75QLMDK3XVTR","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"75QLMDK3XVTRJNKU","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"75QLMDK3","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5ba1fa565d826dac9f6849577935b1b97cda1e9c13d4b7e81317cbb887ac438a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2502.16143/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Hallucination is a persistent challenge in large language models (LLMs), where even with rigorous quality control, models often generate distorted facts. This paradox, in which error generation continues despite high-quality training data, calls for a deeper understanding of the underlying LLM mechanisms. To address it, we propose a novel concept: knowledge overshadowing, where model's dominant knowledge can obscure less prominent knowledge during text generation, causing the model to fabricate inaccurate details. Building on this idea, we introduce a novel framework to quantify factual halluc","authors_text":"Cheng Qian, ChengXiang Zhai, Chi Han, Heng Ji, Jiateng Liu, Kathleen McKeown, Manling Li, Pengfei Yu, Sha Li, Yi R. Fung, Yuji Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-02-22T08:36:06Z","title":"The Law of Knowledge Overshadowing: Towards Understanding, Predicting, and Preventing LLM Hallucination"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.16143","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:59aea966054821495128bb041d6c8738dfe4542aa5437a9542ca56077dca1447","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"438c6de20aad7a22e8fce2d68e0b030e2123c5b36a9e727ec926b5ba3eea1ff2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-02-22T08:36:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"7fabf85410c18957306b24f489a529b3d602486864d14dfc6fbbb85524937cb3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.16143","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ff60b60d5bbd6714b5545bfab5f83abe083cd9a56e6cd00331dbbbc528ac6edf","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ff60b60d5bbd6714b5545bfab5f83abe083cd9a56e6cd00331dbbbc528ac6edf","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21.997281Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21.997281Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YzV5Zy/whvdrC5v5zRaMBQKqQdxCQZOGGcluLwP8pGggDLDfmYiySjDh3Jr85Ml0KtEiz2LgXOeeRDVTnTswAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:18:21.997840Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2502.16143","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:59aea966054821495128bb041d6c8738dfe4542aa5437a9542ca56077dca1447","sha256:5ba1fa565d826dac9f6849577935b1b97cda1e9c13d4b7e81317cbb887ac438a"],"state_sha256":"be07ad5b6626a45a7a5eceff33f5352402a398cdccf471997d8477219e20f14b"}