{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN","short_pith_number":"pith:76QO64PZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.07984","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-06-08T16:19:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.GT"],"title_canon_sha256":"e8815b17c6243e9f1940ce3da3f43cea98c55d8af49f1a0d1ca0f93b13281db7","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e614775a1cce33612ec8fea28d1607906aacdd57f020f222c34abd64a082944"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ffa0ef71f9374f81736734770660a8635955499c28c488cdec1b40bf22b705ac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2306.07984","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.07984","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.07984v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.07984","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"76QO64PZG5HY","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"76QO64PZG5HYC43H","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"76QO64PZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.07984","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-06-08T16:19:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.GT"],"title_canon_sha256":"e8815b17c6243e9f1940ce3da3f43cea98c55d8af49f1a0d1ca0f93b13281db7","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e614775a1cce33612ec8fea28d1607906aacdd57f020f222c34abd64a082944"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ffa0ef71f9374f81736734770660a8635955499c28c488cdec1b40bf22b705ac","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46.123583Z","signature_b64":"/0FG8EnvknPIqOtkv/SXArzKQmKPEcI43CmCTrRglyRADmaoANTH54fCJwxJ4gSF6yhKyPPDbT8hH0yYB3Z7BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ffa0ef71f9374f81736734770660a8635955499c28c488cdec1b40bf22b705ac","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46.123138Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46.123138Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2306.07984","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7IcPuV83Cd9mxceYL3wedaO4SxN6AywwlZa4ATF/cFIK88atPwgX6X5xr3mlRv0hj2vKpIvpdPSwgrgfsgoYAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T20:50:22.173979Z"},"content_sha256":"613c24cac688e3a166980d4c54766c8126b1fe08e657f2b458478e31da3afca7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:613c24cac688e3a166980d4c54766c8126b1fe08e657f2b458478e31da3afca7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Cross Chain Bribery Contracts: Majority vs Mighty Minority","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.GT"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Lei Xu, Lin Chen, Quang Tran, Rabimba Karanjai, Weidong Shi, Yang Lu","submitted_at":"2023-06-08T16:19:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Bribery is a perilous issue in the real world, especially in an economical aspect. This fraudulence is unavoidable, and more importantly, it is more difficult to trace in case smart contracts are utilized for bribing on a distributed public blockchain. In our paper, we propose a new threat to the security of a blockchain system, cross-chain bribery using smart contracts. An arbitrary wealthy briber can utilize cross-chain smart contracts to manipulate a consensus mechanism on a victim's blockchain or to disgrace a victim's blockchain. To better understand this threat, our paper proposes a fram"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.07984","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2306.07984/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"B3Uj9NVUco7AzHbv/EOfPFoUrhgiYSquTNkyMW7QuT0hSJwHUu+vzLQDp11uWov4yA6e1G9qDnuoIKNvnSVqBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T20:50:22.174615Z"},"content_sha256":"c962327a0d7fe2de734d631de19a2266656865d87ac37665e2823932e5ccb0a9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c962327a0d7fe2de734d631de19a2266656865d87ac37665e2823932e5ccb0a9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T20:50:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:76QO64PZG5HYC43HGR3QMYFIMN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e614775a1cce33612ec8fea28d1607906aacdd57f020f222c34abd64a082944","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.GT"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-06-08T16:19:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"e8815b17c6243e9f1940ce3da3f43cea98c55d8af49f1a0d1ca0f93b13281db7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.07984","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.07984","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.07984v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.07984","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"76QO64PZG5HY","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"76QO64PZG5HYC43H","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"76QO64PZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c962327a0d7fe2de734d631de19a2266656865d87ac37665e2823932e5ccb0a9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2306.07984/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Bribery is a perilous issue in the real world, especially in an economical aspect. This fraudulence is unavoidable, and more importantly, it is more difficult to trace in case smart contracts are utilized for bribing on a distributed public blockchain. In our paper, we propose a new threat to the security of a blockchain system, cross-chain bribery using smart contracts. An arbitrary wealthy briber can utilize cross-chain smart contracts to manipulate a consensus mechanism on a victim's blockchain or to disgrace a victim's blockchain. To better understand this threat, our paper proposes a fram","authors_text":"Lei Xu, Lin Chen, Quang Tran, Rabimba Karanjai, Weidong Shi, Yang Lu","cross_cats":["cs.GT"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-06-08T16:19:57Z","title":"Cross Chain Bribery Contracts: Majority vs Mighty Minority"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.07984","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:613c24cac688e3a166980d4c54766c8126b1fe08e657f2b458478e31da3afca7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e614775a1cce33612ec8fea28d1607906aacdd57f020f222c34abd64a082944","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.GT"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-06-08T16:19:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"e8815b17c6243e9f1940ce3da3f43cea98c55d8af49f1a0d1ca0f93b13281db7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.07984","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ffa0ef71f9374f81736734770660a8635955499c28c488cdec1b40bf22b705ac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ffa0ef71f9374f81736734770660a8635955499c28c488cdec1b40bf22b705ac","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46.123138Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46.123138Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/0FG8EnvknPIqOtkv/SXArzKQmKPEcI43CmCTrRglyRADmaoANTH54fCJwxJ4gSF6yhKyPPDbT8hH0yYB3Z7BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:46.123583Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2306.07984","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:613c24cac688e3a166980d4c54766c8126b1fe08e657f2b458478e31da3afca7","sha256:c962327a0d7fe2de734d631de19a2266656865d87ac37665e2823932e5ccb0a9"],"state_sha256":"efa52ea90a8257b3d9797dcda41cd4f1349b912c5d29595c7f5f277bd34cc4d7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+Dj2d67xitAxoWQit0f7DrwZQy4U222nzUcwo9PEV+ErOFpKCdIKX7m6V+ujwNkkTAzLpUIBfzJkOTbjjIXLDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T20:50:22.180190Z","bundle_sha256":"bbd68bad1c868d39777a949284248a026b74cf6be2dfe1bdb597155759af6123"}}