{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4","short_pith_number":"pith:7ARHCHEE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.4541","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-07-22T15:28:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"c3b64b220937d676e6938a6f2b273e791da7bdfec2b44cbd7ce22f24cfec3bb6","abstract_canon_sha256":"43adf9df64e88b05f26d1f0d11cf7126804202e3e9b514e4ab7866d25154b951"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f822711c848ccfecf28d157573f6c64f0679236279205e7b51318a1ebedab626","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1107.4541","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.4541","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.4541v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.4541","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7ARHCHEERTH6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7ARHCHEE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.4541","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-07-22T15:28:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"c3b64b220937d676e6938a6f2b273e791da7bdfec2b44cbd7ce22f24cfec3bb6","abstract_canon_sha256":"43adf9df64e88b05f26d1f0d11cf7126804202e3e9b514e4ab7866d25154b951"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"f822711c848ccfecf28d157573f6c64f0679236279205e7b51318a1ebedab626","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03.831584Z","signature_b64":"1T5Iwf2QAGB2NO5bjSyd4c/zEAOjc9KKuLWzarFLdch9/zAnrGOe0ijMAUJstpC+9QlUssoTO5mPnPeC6mcoAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"f822711c848ccfecf28d157573f6c64f0679236279205e7b51318a1ebedab626","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03.831110Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03.831110Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1107.4541","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fNyN3eDMug3z48kqc2GZTitGHZ/IwUYdkei8R3VObHnmzFQe0jWbnosIg4P/MUg4ioRC95p8eZVrfYOwGsLDAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:55:41.051934Z"},"content_sha256":"d931736f8f5ba3e7e233742d60232299793f7ecd320016c6e76c96b8be128798","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d931736f8f5ba3e7e233742d60232299793f7ecd320016c6e76c96b8be128798"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation and Evolution of the Dust in Galaxies. I. The Condensation Efficiencies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"C. Chiosi, E. Merlin, L. P. Cassar\\`a, L. Piovan, R. Tantalo, T. Grassi, U. Buonomo","submitted_at":"2011-07-22T15:28:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"The growing interest in the high-z universe, where strongly obscured objects are present, has determined an effort to improve the simulations of dust formation and evolution in galaxies. Three main basic ingredients enter the problem influencing the total dust budget and the mixture of the dust grains: the types and amounts of dust injected by AGB stars and SNae and the accretion/destruction processes of dust in the ISM. They govern the relative abundances of the gas and dust in the ISM. In this study, we focus on star-dust and present a database of condensation efficiencies for the refractory"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.4541","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jbKMXIOD6hRLD3/vF7hl90cEvFkSQ8wsY1BrZ1a7wh7CcIP5etpKPSfJE0Mlf/kQzRd2D8I0DgjVdY8e96AMCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:55:41.052574Z"},"content_sha256":"86559229b7441ce202bf0958b62cce08be17366b5ddb3a3c5962f2c1bbe70ee3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:86559229b7441ce202bf0958b62cce08be17366b5ddb3a3c5962f2c1bbe70ee3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T20:55:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UNCV2XH5WGJ4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"43adf9df64e88b05f26d1f0d11cf7126804202e3e9b514e4ab7866d25154b951","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-07-22T15:28:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3b64b220937d676e6938a6f2b273e791da7bdfec2b44cbd7ce22f24cfec3bb6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.4541","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.4541","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.4541v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.4541","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7ARHCHEERTH6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7ARHCHEERTH6Z4UN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7ARHCHEE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:86559229b7441ce202bf0958b62cce08be17366b5ddb3a3c5962f2c1bbe70ee3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The growing interest in the high-z universe, where strongly obscured objects are present, has determined an effort to improve the simulations of dust formation and evolution in galaxies. Three main basic ingredients enter the problem influencing the total dust budget and the mixture of the dust grains: the types and amounts of dust injected by AGB stars and SNae and the accretion/destruction processes of dust in the ISM. They govern the relative abundances of the gas and dust in the ISM. In this study, we focus on star-dust and present a database of condensation efficiencies for the refractory","authors_text":"C. Chiosi, E. Merlin, L. P. Cassar\\`a, L. Piovan, R. Tantalo, T. Grassi, U. Buonomo","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-07-22T15:28:51Z","title":"Formation and Evolution of the Dust in Galaxies. I. The Condensation Efficiencies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.4541","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d931736f8f5ba3e7e233742d60232299793f7ecd320016c6e76c96b8be128798","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"43adf9df64e88b05f26d1f0d11cf7126804202e3e9b514e4ab7866d25154b951","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-07-22T15:28:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3b64b220937d676e6938a6f2b273e791da7bdfec2b44cbd7ce22f24cfec3bb6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.4541","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"f822711c848ccfecf28d157573f6c64f0679236279205e7b51318a1ebedab626","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f822711c848ccfecf28d157573f6c64f0679236279205e7b51318a1ebedab626","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03.831110Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03.831110Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1T5Iwf2QAGB2NO5bjSyd4c/zEAOjc9KKuLWzarFLdch9/zAnrGOe0ijMAUJstpC+9QlUssoTO5mPnPeC6mcoAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:03.831584Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1107.4541","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d931736f8f5ba3e7e233742d60232299793f7ecd320016c6e76c96b8be128798","sha256:86559229b7441ce202bf0958b62cce08be17366b5ddb3a3c5962f2c1bbe70ee3"],"state_sha256":"e9c523923b5c9f94065bad4f8cd726818b1fdd9c5c02f3ac63885a90e1e99661"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8yRHnMpPmPg96LANpXOszFPun7oDtx2y0l5MgQitkKyjamg3aJ5ioGaHl/8+UmxlvweWpDOdwebVpSnFr7uRDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T20:55:41.055425Z","bundle_sha256":"6addbaa96aa6da159bb671f5973fa14af490b8ac1488d07d81e25305d6e59665"}}