{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7BVTATE74RYE7NM5DOLCQJK7SE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e28c9188e42a9e7969e6abfbe8d202940d7f98098a4b785e133079e5bf72e84e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2024-06-18T20:47:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"f9dbb1cf05fe671469c69e899e8e56e20e79ebc8975797676fa4010b2b97e045"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.13049","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.13049","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.13049v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.13049","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7BVTATE74RYE","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7BVTATE74RYE7NM5","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7BVTATE7","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fd77e94b2ae9988f3b466eef23e91ae7f47f1a47d47c05ae6d417f04b6291a0a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2406.13049/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in spear phishing message generation and evaluates their performance compared to human-authored counterparts. Our pilot study examines the effectiveness of smishing (SMS phishing) messages created by GPT-4 and human authors, which have been personalized for willing targets. The targets assessed these messages in a modified ranked-order experiment using a novel methodology we call TRAPD (Threshold Ranking Approach for Personalized Deception). Experiments involved ranking each spear phishing message from most to least convincing, provid","authors_text":"Ben Schooley, Derek Hansen, Greg Snow, Jerson Francia, Matthew Taylor, Shydra Murray","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2024-06-18T20:47:16Z","title":"Assessing AI vs Human-Authored Spear Phishing SMS Attacks: An Empirical Study"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.13049","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e3ec762223c0eb4ea8d93ae67104385cf12809e27aa9f662ffefce5f56f85472","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e28c9188e42a9e7969e6abfbe8d202940d7f98098a4b785e133079e5bf72e84e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2024-06-18T20:47:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"f9dbb1cf05fe671469c69e899e8e56e20e79ebc8975797676fa4010b2b97e045"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.13049","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"f86b304c9fe4704fb59d1b9628255f9107f06a00dd5c8eee1067f65b4b4c4ed4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"f86b304c9fe4704fb59d1b9628255f9107f06a00dd5c8eee1067f65b4b4c4ed4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08.359974Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08.359974Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nhp4q6V8UjkzBNz8XLR31TyYS+Nw1EwpeDklqWVUPL1+znV3mNHNjEbB3W96QCuqGnCZUC1/3814gqZw43kpBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:34:08.360610Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2406.13049","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e3ec762223c0eb4ea8d93ae67104385cf12809e27aa9f662ffefce5f56f85472","sha256:fd77e94b2ae9988f3b466eef23e91ae7f47f1a47d47c05ae6d417f04b6291a0a"],"state_sha256":"15944243c26d5f3f44a17b9b410a27d00839ca3b8f84ef864725dc7e05567cae"}