{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2023:7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX","short_pith_number":"pith:7IBHT7TT","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"fa0279fe7361a9db4f9fde5b939100a5fddf1520b6ff56212845669f8985e037","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.00690","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Polarizing Political Polls: How Visualization Design Choices Can Shape Public Opinion and Increase Political Polarization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Cindy Xiong Bearfield, Eli Holder","submitted_at":"2023-09-01T18:19:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"While we typically focus on data visualization as a tool for facilitating cognitive tasks (e.g., learning facts, making decisions), we know relatively little about their second-order impacts on our opinions, attitudes, and values. For example, could design or framing choices interact with viewers' social cognitive biases in ways that promote political polarization? When reporting on U.S. attitudes toward public policies, it is popular to highlight the gap between Democrats and Republicans (e.g., with blue vs red connected dot plots). But these charts may encourage social-normative conformity, "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.00690","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2023-09-01T18:19:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7b9a1e236fbdb717cca2658fba32467a46d77bd19c8f9cf7d20da9e3b499f29a","abstract_canon_sha256":"3abb696f615604ee6361b3ea99bfb2c3c94be66b02bbfa30a935f1667a3e0fea"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257914Z","signature_b64":"UJXizt9oNd+Aw1Y1XjKe3LU4olxtzRtxdkB0tDVl0DaYwfF62UskvWMAxmIHnotPYu9bSbHA45sPWYglKyvGBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fa0279fe7361a9db4f9fde5b939100a5fddf1520b6ff56212845669f8985e037","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257471Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257471Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Polarizing Political Polls: How Visualization Design Choices Can Shape Public Opinion and Increase Political Polarization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Cindy Xiong Bearfield, Eli Holder","submitted_at":"2023-09-01T18:19:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"While we typically focus on data visualization as a tool for facilitating cognitive tasks (e.g., learning facts, making decisions), we know relatively little about their second-order impacts on our opinions, attitudes, and values. For example, could design or framing choices interact with viewers' social cognitive biases in ways that promote political polarization? When reporting on U.S. attitudes toward public policies, it is popular to highlight the gap between Democrats and Republicans (e.g., with blue vs red connected dot plots). But these charts may encourage social-normative conformity, "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.00690","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.00690/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.00690","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.00690v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.00690","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7IBHT7TTMGU5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7IBHT7TTMGU5WT47","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7IBHT7TT","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX","json":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/7IBHT7TT"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/7IBHT7TT","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2309.00690&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/7IBHT7TTMGU5WT473ZNZHEIAUX/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T06:47:04.257527+00:00"}