{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK","short_pith_number":"pith:7MLIHFSN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1806.03283","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-06-08T17:26:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ad8cc412f7f9679c529ff28a97d4d42ab496b6ef0d38255c5b2ce9f90d30d873","abstract_canon_sha256":"6ef48546d0a81c5c3ec208983fa0cea77a0609903f6735eab2b3e8544cc2cbfd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb1683964d7d312d0f4c8321e25b83cabd5b3378a7ad6567f4cd0ac47aa23e22","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1806.03283","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1806.03283","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1806.03283v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1806.03283","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7MLIHFSNPUYS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7MLIHFSN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1806.03283","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-06-08T17:26:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ad8cc412f7f9679c529ff28a97d4d42ab496b6ef0d38255c5b2ce9f90d30d873","abstract_canon_sha256":"6ef48546d0a81c5c3ec208983fa0cea77a0609903f6735eab2b3e8544cc2cbfd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb1683964d7d312d0f4c8321e25b83cabd5b3378a7ad6567f4cd0ac47aa23e22","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48.894046Z","signature_b64":"F8t+V1VWZ4AXnVVHicRyYhpyiH77EREPzaMH29ANZ+p3Sc1XaJ0dvZ3mduMcNDgv6VJ6ZP/oF/e/fErNeojgBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fb1683964d7d312d0f4c8321e25b83cabd5b3378a7ad6567f4cd0ac47aa23e22","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48.893417Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48.893417Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1806.03283","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yYet452N8Rk0ebHReAbvaz4sulthCIHHDH6XRj2n2DKUd9P/HvDDGVKXC1wDFr5kgCJPddgB0nCIcof3heNOAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T06:18:01.069416Z"},"content_sha256":"7fc665c558ed4eb4165a2791ef87fbd4e9333f2dffd85a837be36074b4b13990","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7fc665c558ed4eb4165a2791ef87fbd4e9333f2dffd85a837be36074b4b13990"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Badger: Complexity Analysis with Fuzzing and Symbolic Execution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Corina S. P\\u{a}s\\u{a}reanu, Rody Kersten, Yannic Noller","submitted_at":"2018-06-08T17:26:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"Hybrid testing approaches that involve fuzz testing and symbolic execution have shown promising results in achieving high code coverage, uncovering subtle errors and vulnerabilities in a variety of software applications. In this paper we describe Badger - a new hybrid approach for complexity analysis, with the goal of discovering vulnerabilities which occur when the worst-case time or space complexity of an application is significantly higher than the average case. Badger uses fuzz testing to generate a diverse set of inputs that aim to increase not only coverage but also a resource-related co"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1806.03283","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bsif9ZDGJD5o3YX09y9NQUVqJBLarpQ581OBrztCOOsLv70d1kLiIST8o7OSmM208B+wNMJo4BBlT3OLTvhvBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T06:18:01.070130Z"},"content_sha256":"76ea06a0dbc372250e3e3612d2f49c5aa3c6f4ef247aa14e2f5d76bfe14a1e32","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:76ea06a0dbc372250e3e3612d2f49c5aa3c6f4ef247aa14e2f5d76bfe14a1e32"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-11T06:18:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2MQMQ6EW4DZK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6ef48546d0a81c5c3ec208983fa0cea77a0609903f6735eab2b3e8544cc2cbfd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-06-08T17:26:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad8cc412f7f9679c529ff28a97d4d42ab496b6ef0d38255c5b2ce9f90d30d873"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1806.03283","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1806.03283","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1806.03283v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1806.03283","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7MLIHFSNPUYS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7MLIHFSNPUYS2D2M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7MLIHFSN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:76ea06a0dbc372250e3e3612d2f49c5aa3c6f4ef247aa14e2f5d76bfe14a1e32","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Hybrid testing approaches that involve fuzz testing and symbolic execution have shown promising results in achieving high code coverage, uncovering subtle errors and vulnerabilities in a variety of software applications. In this paper we describe Badger - a new hybrid approach for complexity analysis, with the goal of discovering vulnerabilities which occur when the worst-case time or space complexity of an application is significantly higher than the average case. Badger uses fuzz testing to generate a diverse set of inputs that aim to increase not only coverage but also a resource-related co","authors_text":"Corina S. P\\u{a}s\\u{a}reanu, Rody Kersten, Yannic Noller","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-06-08T17:26:11Z","title":"Badger: Complexity Analysis with Fuzzing and Symbolic Execution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1806.03283","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7fc665c558ed4eb4165a2791ef87fbd4e9333f2dffd85a837be36074b4b13990","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6ef48546d0a81c5c3ec208983fa0cea77a0609903f6735eab2b3e8544cc2cbfd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-06-08T17:26:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad8cc412f7f9679c529ff28a97d4d42ab496b6ef0d38255c5b2ce9f90d30d873"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1806.03283","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fb1683964d7d312d0f4c8321e25b83cabd5b3378a7ad6567f4cd0ac47aa23e22","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fb1683964d7d312d0f4c8321e25b83cabd5b3378a7ad6567f4cd0ac47aa23e22","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48.893417Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48.893417Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"F8t+V1VWZ4AXnVVHicRyYhpyiH77EREPzaMH29ANZ+p3Sc1XaJ0dvZ3mduMcNDgv6VJ6ZP/oF/e/fErNeojgBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:13:48.894046Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1806.03283","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7fc665c558ed4eb4165a2791ef87fbd4e9333f2dffd85a837be36074b4b13990","sha256:76ea06a0dbc372250e3e3612d2f49c5aa3c6f4ef247aa14e2f5d76bfe14a1e32"],"state_sha256":"ed941aeff460fea89587c9f237fb2400cd5c019f5b686bd66dcaacdad5739ec7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YpChbg2T6DlCRjkeenULavRzuzx4D8Pnw36vsEI0s/S3c1TJKuuG3ma+KscVIGfrY3BigBmfvTfkRjMw+3xTAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T06:18:01.074153Z","bundle_sha256":"1916945aebd541e999c58dd21c35a87acbfa257ee0a61d54b3ecf293bd771f49"}}