{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6","short_pith_number":"pith:7MLYLL2R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.05217","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-08T11:09:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"748367dc088eefd3fdc6dad9d9d6658d402b8a7ea486688e3b3913290f12e01e","abstract_canon_sha256":"1a4155b5ee07ff45b57c71de216cb9c2f7b19162b12b34212175a81a70fa0c83"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb1785af511dc7657b693fc82d3fd507ac68bcbf867591efaff4b413ab2d17ad","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.05217","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.05217","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.05217v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.05217","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7MLYLL2RDXDW","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7MLYLL2RDXDWK63J","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7MLYLL2R","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.05217","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-08T11:09:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"748367dc088eefd3fdc6dad9d9d6658d402b8a7ea486688e3b3913290f12e01e","abstract_canon_sha256":"1a4155b5ee07ff45b57c71de216cb9c2f7b19162b12b34212175a81a70fa0c83"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb1785af511dc7657b693fc82d3fd507ac68bcbf867591efaff4b413ab2d17ad","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52.412830Z","signature_b64":"iUqmcvHPDJCZCSKnknQqLK/3pGAdSi1U4tAxTL26WRAZkmkYiQ3irtzxeX7E26Kk/lOKQjin1XkIwcx1Jsy2DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fb1785af511dc7657b693fc82d3fd507ac68bcbf867591efaff4b413ab2d17ad","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52.412458Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52.412458Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.05217","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EBh5der3ifsqDY3Ckeph8PlDBIJ7Ilw0RW396Kc8vZ22N2bipaiC6HD2UL4I9sho5GT0D+cLnYkHg4puY2ZwAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:47:18.333846Z"},"content_sha256":"7b1d8c23a9949b7263d7f83ba3185e2492fa7a9e556592e79c182acd74308ae3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7b1d8c23a9949b7263d7f83ba3185e2492fa7a9e556592e79c182acd74308ae3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Harnessing Multi-Role Capabilities of Large Language Models for Open-Domain Question Answering","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Cheng Tai, Chengwei Wu, Haiyu Yan, Hongda Sun, Rui Yan, Shuo Shang, Xin Gao, Yuxuan Liu","submitted_at":"2024-03-08T11:09:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"Open-domain question answering (ODQA) has emerged as a pivotal research spotlight in information systems. Existing methods follow two main paradigms to collect evidence: (1) The \\textit{retrieve-then-read} paradigm retrieves pertinent documents from an external corpus; and (2) the \\textit{generate-then-read} paradigm employs large language models (LLMs) to generate relevant documents. However, neither can fully address multifaceted requirements for evidence. To this end, we propose LLMQA, a generalized framework that formulates the ODQA process into three basic steps: query expansion, document"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.05217","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.05217/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rPiO0PH67h8qt23kHSTZeF8sK99Cdqngs5Qu/2DV+xfjRBW/dHW4xdqBDU80H47bKVTZkJtYlNgTz4+Pmb8/Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:47:18.334343Z"},"content_sha256":"13c1b2526d6c4bed0efbd9e86e00ef3b78a3cc414129b5f809cd8fe247901f54","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:13c1b2526d6c4bed0efbd9e86e00ef3b78a3cc414129b5f809cd8fe247901f54"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T14:47:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7MLYLL2RDXDWK63JH7EC2P6VA6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1a4155b5ee07ff45b57c71de216cb9c2f7b19162b12b34212175a81a70fa0c83","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-08T11:09:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"748367dc088eefd3fdc6dad9d9d6658d402b8a7ea486688e3b3913290f12e01e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.05217","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.05217","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.05217v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.05217","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7MLYLL2RDXDW","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7MLYLL2RDXDWK63J","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7MLYLL2R","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:13c1b2526d6c4bed0efbd9e86e00ef3b78a3cc414129b5f809cd8fe247901f54","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.05217/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Open-domain question answering (ODQA) has emerged as a pivotal research spotlight in information systems. Existing methods follow two main paradigms to collect evidence: (1) The \\textit{retrieve-then-read} paradigm retrieves pertinent documents from an external corpus; and (2) the \\textit{generate-then-read} paradigm employs large language models (LLMs) to generate relevant documents. However, neither can fully address multifaceted requirements for evidence. To this end, we propose LLMQA, a generalized framework that formulates the ODQA process into three basic steps: query expansion, document","authors_text":"Cheng Tai, Chengwei Wu, Haiyu Yan, Hongda Sun, Rui Yan, Shuo Shang, Xin Gao, Yuxuan Liu","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-08T11:09:13Z","title":"Harnessing Multi-Role Capabilities of Large Language Models for Open-Domain Question Answering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.05217","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7b1d8c23a9949b7263d7f83ba3185e2492fa7a9e556592e79c182acd74308ae3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1a4155b5ee07ff45b57c71de216cb9c2f7b19162b12b34212175a81a70fa0c83","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-08T11:09:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"748367dc088eefd3fdc6dad9d9d6658d402b8a7ea486688e3b3913290f12e01e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.05217","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fb1785af511dc7657b693fc82d3fd507ac68bcbf867591efaff4b413ab2d17ad","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fb1785af511dc7657b693fc82d3fd507ac68bcbf867591efaff4b413ab2d17ad","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52.412458Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52.412458Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"iUqmcvHPDJCZCSKnknQqLK/3pGAdSi1U4tAxTL26WRAZkmkYiQ3irtzxeX7E26Kk/lOKQjin1XkIwcx1Jsy2DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:53:52.412830Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.05217","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7b1d8c23a9949b7263d7f83ba3185e2492fa7a9e556592e79c182acd74308ae3","sha256:13c1b2526d6c4bed0efbd9e86e00ef3b78a3cc414129b5f809cd8fe247901f54"],"state_sha256":"36051ff1f126070b3f958252ad3fa4df48b39d398f175e2ed3a93024e8775078"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DVtthO4rnJLMIxeeTOZsgZneHZ8qPReTLGub0VzRRplbIImDwVIFx8JMGCSVcfZbKYeLaZRw2rZiAEO5SdlTAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:47:18.337923Z","bundle_sha256":"b53ab55ce8c23712946dfa8ff99c32ff6d96dd9ac9d86167b35d3de89de24ab1"}}