{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ","short_pith_number":"pith:7MW2IMQY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1608.02854","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-08-09T16:18:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"b66f5dd2e5768c99f2366821a55c3bb8c5f9ce2221b19467c045e08c7a420327","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a767232e0e3c205a51b13a0bf945044e471e7209292ddb54f391f02e89b6ef4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb2da43218b166f3e21d8138c245975c1143d83e0e4ddb40d164bb0402499353","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1608.02854","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1608.02854","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1608.02854v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1608.02854","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7MW2IMQYWFTP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7MW2IMQY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1608.02854","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-08-09T16:18:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"b66f5dd2e5768c99f2366821a55c3bb8c5f9ce2221b19467c045e08c7a420327","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a767232e0e3c205a51b13a0bf945044e471e7209292ddb54f391f02e89b6ef4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb2da43218b166f3e21d8138c245975c1143d83e0e4ddb40d164bb0402499353","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33.513451Z","signature_b64":"4EAduA1FAG0YzLheNBdjArFfOK95mxzBGcTbVpx4m8L/g2sUoKYsYpIHnqrQ7bg8ZKneIVCe86wleQFygCtkAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fb2da43218b166f3e21d8138c245975c1143d83e0e4ddb40d164bb0402499353","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33.513023Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33.513023Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1608.02854","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fHcsyM+7TUlCB6/AJkS8HxpgnPN08/qcNA9mOWvlvpGIOF/nyaAVhCctESMCHD7VxRJTB206puKn0rR3tCmwCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T05:38:26.550553Z"},"content_sha256":"6c2c508c26d2da2cb8dad218e2657cff593138d71e60eb7881f89c3b16babbfd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6c2c508c26d2da2cb8dad218e2657cff593138d71e60eb7881f89c3b16babbfd"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Salecker-Wigner-Peres quantum clock applied to strong-field tunnel ionization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.atom-ph"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Christoph H. Keitel, Heiko Bauke, Nicolas Teeny","submitted_at":"2016-08-09T16:18:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Salecker-Wigner-Peres quantum-clock approach is applied in order to determine the tunneling time of an electron in strong-field tunnel ionization via a time-dependent electric field. Our results show that the ionization of the electron takes a nonvanishing period of time. This tunneling time is of the order of the Keldysh time but strictly larger than the Keldysh time. Comparing the quantum-clock tunneling time to the mean tunneling time as obtained by the virtual-detector approach, one finds that these two complementary methods give very similar results. Due to the asymmetric distribution"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1608.02854","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FNF78OOPvsXQ5vBulMBRwbLSdoY6ZvKGEibJTgGTndJdeYVfX8z610n8ljZl9p54P9sN1RezqkO3qVnuva8aAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T05:38:26.551230Z"},"content_sha256":"440660519711808a9ca35f8ce0972cb24bd5ce57b3f861521dcd0f937ab3cb42","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:440660519711808a9ca35f8ce0972cb24bd5ce57b3f861521dcd0f937ab3cb42"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T05:38:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5QE4MERMXLQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a767232e0e3c205a51b13a0bf945044e471e7209292ddb54f391f02e89b6ef4","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-08-09T16:18:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"b66f5dd2e5768c99f2366821a55c3bb8c5f9ce2221b19467c045e08c7a420327"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.02854","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1608.02854","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1608.02854v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1608.02854","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7MW2IMQYWFTP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7MW2IMQYWFTPHYQ5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7MW2IMQY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:440660519711808a9ca35f8ce0972cb24bd5ce57b3f861521dcd0f937ab3cb42","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Salecker-Wigner-Peres quantum-clock approach is applied in order to determine the tunneling time of an electron in strong-field tunnel ionization via a time-dependent electric field. Our results show that the ionization of the electron takes a nonvanishing period of time. This tunneling time is of the order of the Keldysh time but strictly larger than the Keldysh time. Comparing the quantum-clock tunneling time to the mean tunneling time as obtained by the virtual-detector approach, one finds that these two complementary methods give very similar results. Due to the asymmetric distribution","authors_text":"Christoph H. Keitel, Heiko Bauke, Nicolas Teeny","cross_cats":["physics.atom-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-08-09T16:18:23Z","title":"Salecker-Wigner-Peres quantum clock applied to strong-field tunnel ionization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1608.02854","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6c2c508c26d2da2cb8dad218e2657cff593138d71e60eb7881f89c3b16babbfd","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a767232e0e3c205a51b13a0bf945044e471e7209292ddb54f391f02e89b6ef4","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-08-09T16:18:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"b66f5dd2e5768c99f2366821a55c3bb8c5f9ce2221b19467c045e08c7a420327"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.02854","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fb2da43218b166f3e21d8138c245975c1143d83e0e4ddb40d164bb0402499353","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fb2da43218b166f3e21d8138c245975c1143d83e0e4ddb40d164bb0402499353","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33.513023Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33.513023Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4EAduA1FAG0YzLheNBdjArFfOK95mxzBGcTbVpx4m8L/g2sUoKYsYpIHnqrQ7bg8ZKneIVCe86wleQFygCtkAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:33.513451Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1608.02854","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6c2c508c26d2da2cb8dad218e2657cff593138d71e60eb7881f89c3b16babbfd","sha256:440660519711808a9ca35f8ce0972cb24bd5ce57b3f861521dcd0f937ab3cb42"],"state_sha256":"1cddfba831de13db71656470d731979643a70ba750b4ebcaf775839221ebcd96"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LnTw5hc1L/Tqg3u0AtyPhF0XhLJlyT02JuhSO2NjK6cuMAXJEOebWLrz/usUTcUpLCJ1RgWlsYTKongOtsNvCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T05:38:26.555015Z","bundle_sha256":"4fcec16a936de10f224fabcdd5675cd64bcc3621ead32604b63dbe0716d74e00"}}